Water balance in animals Flashcards
The term used to compare the surroundings to a saltwater fish.
Surroundings are Hypertonic to the fish.
The term used to compare the surroundings to a freshwater fish.
Surroundings are Hypotonic to the fish.
A solution which has a lower water concentration than the solution it is being compared to.
Hypertonic
A solution which has a higher water concentration than the solution it is being compared to.
Hypotonic
Fish living in saltwater control their water balance in this way.
The fish must drink water, use active transport to pump salts out across the gills and produce a small volume of concentrated urine from a kidney with few glomeruli.
Fish living in freshwater control their water balance in this way.
The fish use active transport to pump salts in across the gills and produce a large volume of dilute urine from a kidney with many glomeruli.
The problems faced by a saltwater fish.
They lose water by osmosis and gain salts by diffusion,
The problems faced by a freshwater fish.
They gain water by osmosis and lose salts by diffusion.
Cells in the gills of fish that pump salts by active transport.
Chloride secretory cells
The behavioural adaptations of a kangaroo rat.
The kangaroo rat sleeps in its burrow during the day and searches for food at night.
The physiological adaptations of the kangaroo rat.
The kangaroo rat doesn’t sweat, produces very concentrated urine and reduces water loss during breathing.
