Water And Solutions, Cellular Transport Flashcards
How does a hydrogen bond affect the properties of water
They can be broken between water molecules to allow water to change state and move
What is high latent heat energy
It is the energy requir e to change the state of a substance without increasing the temperature, this is so the body can cool down via evaporation
What is high specific heat capacity
It is a measure of the amount of energy required to change the temperature of a substance, so that the body can maintain a constant temperature
How does polarity relate to solubility
Polar solvents can only dissolve hydrophilic solutes such as other polar substances or ionic solutions
What does hydrophilic mean
Water loving, meaning it will dissolve or mix with water
What does hydrophobic mean
Water hating, meaning it won’t mix or dissolve in water
What’s the difference between passive and active transport
Passive processes depend on pressure, concentration and kinetic energy of the particles it’s transporting
Active requires atp to transport particles
What is endocytosis
It’s the process where large molecules, whole cells or droplets of liquid are ingested into the cell
What is exocytosis
It involves the removal of substances from the cell
What’s and isotonic solution
When the water concentration is the same inside the cell as it is outside
What’s a hypotonic solution
It’s a low concentration of dissolved substance
More water goes into the cell than leaves
What’s a hypertonic solution
It’s a concentrated solution of dissolved substance
More water leaves the cell than enters
How do isotonic, hypotonic and hypertonic solutions effect osmosis and dialysis
Osmosis only works if it moves water through the cell from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration water
Dialysis will move a high concentrated solution into a dilute solution
