Water and Public Health Flashcards
What protozoan parasite can cause water outbreaks?
Cryptosporidium
What are the human clinical signs of cryptosporidium?
Nausea, vomiting
Water diarrhoea- dehydration
Weight loss
Stomach cramps, fever
3 weeks, usually self-limiting
What is the UK northwest water and sewage undertakes?
United utilities-
reservoirs in the lake district, Pennines, peak district, north wales
How is water tested?
The requirement to monitor drinking water for cryptosporidium oocyts
Raw water monitoring
WHO has set a health-based guideline maximum value of 5mg/l for chlorine residue in drinking water
Increased raw water turbidity- higher risk of Cryptosporidium oocysts
When were recent crypto outbreaks?
Outbreak in 2006
Outbreak in 1999- sheep blamed
continuous monitoring since
What are the sources of potable water in meat production premises?
How is it treated?
How is it delivered?
How is wastewater disposed of?
When and what is tested?
Sources- natural spring, reservoir, well or borehole
Treatment- flocculation, sedimentation, filtration
Delivery- closed system of pipes, blind ends or disused-side branches not present
Waste-water- collected through waste water drainage or sewerage system to a treatment plan
Regular testing at water outlets
ACC and Coliforms monthly
If the water at the slaughterhouse is contaminated what are the corrective actions?
Isolate appropriate outlets
Stop production
Dealing with contaminated products
Preventing similar contamination in future
Reviewing sampling and testing procedures
Improving staff instructions and training
