Water and Lipid Solubility

Question 1

Water solubility influences

Answer 1

• how a hormone is transported
• where a hormone binds its receptor
• how long it lasts
• (most amino acid based hormones)

Question 2

Water soluble hormone message transport

Answer 2

-with PM receptors, that generally act by second messengers ex) cyclic AMP (cAMP)

Question 3

Second-Messenger System

Answer 3

1- hormone (first messenger) binds to the membrane transport
2- activated receptor sets off a series of reactions that activate an enzyme
3- the enzyme catalyzes reactions that produce secondary messengers molecules (cAMP)
4- those molecules cause changes inside the cell

Question 4

Lipid soluble hormones message transport

Answer 4

• mostly steroid based (derived from cholesterol, produced by the adrenal cortex and gonads)
• direct gene activation
• lipid soluble hormones generally affect gene transcription via intracellular receptors

Question 5

Direct Gene Activation

Answer 5

1- diffuse through PM of their target cell
2- enter nucleus
3- binds to a specific hormone receptor protein
4- that binds to a specific DNA target
5- that activates transcription of mRNA
6- mRNA produced is translated into new proteins