Water

Question 1

what is water

Answer 1

water is a polar molecule
it is a simple covalent molecule
v shaped
can form hydrogen bonds.

Question 2

effect of hydrogen bonds

Answer 2

high melting point and high boiling point 
expansion of water upon freezing 
high latent heat 
high specific heat capacity 
capilary action 
dissolve other substances

Question 3

why does water have a high boiling and melting point

Answer 3

this is because 4 hydrogen bonds can form on 1 water molecule- requires a great amount of energy to disrupt these bonds

Question 4

why is water more dense in liquid form compared to solid form

Answer 4

when water in liquid is cooled down the molecules slow down and adopt a regular arrangement because of the rigid hydrogen bonds. they are then in a hexagonal crystalline lattice of ice and the molecules push away from each other.

this causes ice to be less dense because it occupies a greater space comparred to liquid form

Question 5

latent heat

1. vaporisation
2. fusion

Answer 5

energy required to convert 1 mol of substance
1. from a liquid to a gas
2. from a solid to a liquid
units - Kjmol -1

Question 6

waters latent heat values

1. fusion
2. vaporisation

Answer 6

1. 6.0 Kjmol -1

2. 44 Kjmol -1

Question 7

specific capacity

Answer 7

amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1g or substance by 1 degree

WATER= 4.18 J g -1 C -1 // .45 Jg-1 C-1

Question 8

solution

Answer 8

even distribution of a mixture of atoms, molecules and ions

Question 9

solvent

Answer 9

primary component of solution

Question 10

solute

Answer 10

atoms ions molecules dissolved in solvent

Question 11

disolving

Answer 11

pulled apart by another

substance moves into space of another - disocites

Question 12

procces of disolving

Answer 12

1. forces b/w solvent particles broken
2. forces b/w solute particles broken
3. forms stronger or equal to the strength pf the solute/ solven

Question 13

ionic compounds dissolved

Answer 13

forms ion dipoles

Question 14

polar covalent molecules dissolved

Answer 14

forms h plus ions