War With Spain 1585-88 And Drakes Raid On Cadiz 1587 Flashcards
What led to war with Spain
Elizabeth’s support for Dutch rebels
In 1581 , Protestant rebels in the Netherlands declared independence from Spain and established the Dutch republic.Elizabeth gave
Limited financial help to the rebels because she was reluctant to provoke Philip by getting directly involved
In 1584, how were the rebels almost defeated ?
In 1584, William the Silent , ( the rebel leader ) was assassinated.The Dutch Revolt was in huge danger of being defeated.
How did Elizabeth give direct assistance to the rebels
In 1585, Elizabeth signed the treaty of Nonsuch.This placed the Netherlands under her protection and promised military alliance
Why did Elizabeth sign the treaty of Nonsuch ( religion)
Elizabeth wanted to protect Dutch protestantim and prevent Philip from forcing Catholicism on the Netherlands
Why did Elizabeth sign the Treaty of Nonsuch ?
The Netherlands ports were essential entry points into Europe exports.Without these pots, English exonomy would suffer tremendously.
Why did Elizabeth sign the Treaty of Nonsuch ( military)
If the rebels were defeated in the Netherlands, Philip might use the Netherlands as a base for an invasion of England.
Why did Elizabeth sign the Treaty of Nonsuch ( strategic )
In 1584, Spain were seeking the French crown.If the dutch rebels were defeated , then Spain would control almost the entire Channel and Atlantic coasts of Europe.
How were Dudley’s campaigns in the Netherlands
Unsuccessful
Who was Robert Dudley
The earl of Leicester
What was Dudley appointed to do ?
He was appointed to lead the military expedition in the Netherlands.
How were Dudley’s campaigns unsuccessful ?
Dudley’s campaigns in 1586-87 were unsuccessful.He suffered several heavy losses at the hands of the Spanish General.
How did Dudley increase tensions between England and Spain
When Dudley arrived in the Netherlands he accepted the position of Governor - General.This was a serious mistake .It suggested that Elizabeth had taken control of the Netherlands herself, which riske provoking Philip even more.Elizabeth forced Dudley to resign the position immediately.
What were the reasons why the English campaigns failed in the Netherlands ?
Dudley wasn’t a talented general.
His officers were bitterly divided over questions of strategy.
Dudley had a very small army compared to the number of Spanish troops.
Elizabeth didn’t provide sufficient funds to pay the English troops.
Troops were poorly equipped.
What campaign was successful in the Netherlands ?
English naval troops for the Dutch rebels was more effective - a fleet of English ships patrolled the Dutch coastline and prevented the Spanish from landing some of their forces by sea
How did Philip see the Treaty of Nonsuch
He saw it as a declaration of war
How did Philip see the treaty of Nonsuch ( 1585)
Saw it as a declaration of war.
What did Philip,do as a response to the Traety of Nonsuch
In response, he began building a huge fleet ( an Armada ) that he planned to invade England with.
Elizabeth was aware of Philips plans .So what did she send Drake to do in 1587?
He sent Francis Drake, one of her most successful privateers, to spy on Spanish preparations and attack their ships and supplies .
Why could Drake not attack the port of Lisbon ? ( where most of the new ships where being built )
The deep water port was protected by strong fortifications and Drake knew he couldn’t attack it with any hope of success.
Why did Drake decided to attaxk the port of Cadiz ?
Drake decided to attack the port of Cadiz.It wasn’t well defended .Fewer naval ships were anchored there.The port was the centre for a large number of naval supplies which Drake intended to destrpy or sieze.
When was the raid and what did Drake do there ?
In April 1587, Drake sailed into the Cadiz harbour.and began to the anchored ships there.Drake destroyed around 30 ships and seized many tonnes of supplies, including food and weapons
After his raid, where did Drake go ?
After his raid, Drake sailed along the coasts of Spain and Portugal, seizing Spanish ships and destroying supplies that were being sent to Lisbon.
What was the significance of the San Felipe
Drake captured the San Felipe, a Spanish returning from the Americas with gold , silk and spices.It’s valuable cargo easily covered Drake’s expedition and enabled Elizabeth to improve English defences.
The Raid on Cadiz was a major impact on Philips plans to inade England.
Delaying the Armada by more than a year.
How did the Cadiz affect economy of Spain
Obtaining fresh supplies and weapons was very expensive and impacted Spanish finances
During his raids, Drake captured 1000 to s of planks made out of seasoned wood.Why was that significant ?
These were needed to make barrels to carry food and water,As a result, the Spanish had to make their barrels out of unseasoned wood.Which couldn’t preserve food and water as well
What was the main problems caused by the raid on Cadiz
Caused supply problems for the Armada and affected morale of Spanish troops.Fresh water supplies were lost and tons of food rotted as the fleet sailed in 1588
