Revolt Of The Northern Earls 1969-1970 Flashcards
Why were the Northern Earls unhappy ?
Many northern nobles were still commited to catholicism.They wanted to see the restoration of catholicism in England under a catholic monarch.
Elizabeth had confiscated large areas of land from the Earl of Northumberland.She then shared it between his biggest rivals and a southern protestant.As well as this, the Earl of Northumberland was also angry because Elizabeth had claimed all the profits from copper mines discovered on his estate.
Elizabeth also reduced the amount of power the northern nobles had .She also increased her control in the North.She did this through the Council of the North ( helped govern the region ) .The council was largely controlled by Southern Protestants.Northern nobles resented this
What was the Northen nobles problem with Elizabeth’s privy council ?
The Northern nobles believed some privy council members such as William Cecil had become too powerful.They wanted to remove these “ evil chancellors “ and replace them with men who would be more sympathetic to their interests
How did the Revolt of Northern Earls start ?
In 1569, the Duke of Norfolk ( the wealthiest landowner in England ) hatched a plan to marry Mary , Queen of Scots.The plan was supported by the Earl of Northumberland and Westmorland because it meant that Elizabeth would be succeeded by a Catholic monarch
Who supported the Duke of Norfolk plan ?
The plan was supported by both the Earl of Northumberland and Westmorland as they wanted a catholix monarch
What did the Earls do when the plan was uncovered ?
The plan was uncovered .The Earls feared they would be excecuted.So in a desperate attempt to avoid puniahment , they rebelled and tried to overthrow Elizabeth
Events of the Earls reaching Durham ?
In November 1569, the Earls captured Durham, where they celebrated Catholic mass in the cathedral.They then marched South, probably making for Tutbury in Derbeyshire ( where Mary was )
What happned before the rebels reached Tutbury ?
Before the rebels reached Tutbury, a large royal army forced them to retreat.Many of the troops deserted and two Earls fled to Scotland.Elizabeth showed little mercy to the rebels.Westmorland fled abroad.Northumberland was excecuted and at least 400 rebel troops were excecuted
How was the Revolt of the Northern Earls a serious threat to Elizabeth’s rule ?
The Revolt of the Northern Earls was the most serious rebellion of Elizabeth’s reign .It posed a major threat to Elizabeth’s rule and showed the dangers of Mary, represented a rallying point for English Catholics
How did the Revolt create fear among protestants ?
News of the rebellion created widespread fear among English protestants about English plots and revenge.These fears were fuelled by memories of the harsh persecution of Protestants during the reign of Bloody Mary.
Why was the revolt a threat ? (Pope )
In 1570, the pope excommunicated Elizabeth .This was supposed to strengthen the revolt however news of it didn’t arrive until after the rebels had fled.However, the excommunication did make the Catholic threat more serious, because it meant that Catholics no longer had to obey the Queen and were encouraged to overthrow her.
How did the Revolt of Northern Earls change Elizabeth’s attitude towards Envlish Catholics ?
The Recolt of the Northern Earls and the excommunication made Elizabeth change her attitudes towards Catholics.Now seen as “ potential traitors “ .From 1570, Elizabeth became less tolerant of recusancy and took harsh measures against English catholics.
