War Of Independence Flashcards
IRA
Irish republican army
The Squad
Group of assassins set up by Collins.
Guerrilla warfare
Surprise attacks and ambushes
Flying Columns
Full time volunteers who moved from place to place and set up ambushes.
Black and tans
Ex BRITISH SOLDIERS
Auxiliaries
Ex ARMY OFFICERS
Truce
Ended the war on July 11th 1921.
Began
January 21st Soloheadbeg two RIC killed. Without Dáil permission.
RIC
Royal Irish Constabulary
Government of Ireland Act 1920
Divided Ireland in two
Northern Ireland
Six Ulster counties, Home Rule Parliament in Belfast, James Craig PM.
Southern Ireland
Was supposed to have a Home Rule parliament in Dublin.
Treaty 11th July 1921
Truce between Britain and the IRA.
Irish Delegation
Led by Collins and Griffith went to agree to treaty terms. De Valera didn’t go.
IRA GOALS
No partition and a republic.
British Delegation
Led by Lloyd George and Winston Churchill.
British delegation goals
For Ireland to remain in the British Commonwealth.
To maintain partition.
TREATY TERMS
Ireland= Irish Free State
Not a republic
Part of British Commonwealth (Dominion Status)
TDs had to swear oath of loyalty to the king
Britain would have 3 ports:Cobh, Swilly and Berehaven
Boundary commision would have a neutral party plus one from NI and one from the IFS.
Governor General represented King in IFS.
WHO SIGNED TREATY
Collins did without consulting de Valera.
Date signed
6th of December 1921.
Reaction to treaty
Split Sinn Féin and the IRA.
De Valera left the Dáil.
Treaty Pros
More independence than Home Rule.
‘Stepping stone towards greater independence’
Best deal available.
Cons
Not republic
Republicans couldn’t swear oath
Easy for British to get involved in Irish affairs
Treaty Vote- Dáil
Treaty won
De Valera left January 7th 1922
