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History > The Middle Ages > Flashcards

The Middle Ages Flashcards

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0
Q

PEASANT

A

An old word for farmer.

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1
Q

FEUDAL SYTEM

A

How land was distributed in the Middle Ages.

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2
Q

SERF

A

A peasant who paid taxes to the lord, king, and farmed their lord’s land.

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3
Q

FREEMAN

A

Like a serf, but with the right to marriage and travel.

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4
Q

DEMESNE

A

Percentage of the land the king kept for himself.

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5
Q

VASSALS

A

King’s followers, Earls, Counts, Bishops, Abbots.

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6
Q

KNIGHTS

A

Soldiers who rode into battle on horseback.

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7
Q

MEDIEVAL MANOR

A

Where the lords and peasants lived. A medieval village.

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8
Q

OPEN-FIELD SYSTEM.

A

A 3 field farming method. Fallow

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9
Q

WIMPLE

A

What rich women wore on their head.

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10
Q

POTTAGE

A

A mixture of porridge and vegetable soup.

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11
Q

BAILIFF

A

The medieval sherriff. Collected taxes and made arrests. He kept the peace. Peasants were scared of him.

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12
Q

STOCKS

A

A medieval form of punishment. Your head and hands were placed in a wooden block and you had to stand there while people threw rotten vegetables at you.

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13
Q

DUCKING STOOL

A

A seat in which gossiping women were sat in and repeatedly ducked into a lake.

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14
Q

TITHE

A

When the peasants had to give one tenth of their crops to the priest.

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15
Q

MOTTE AND BAILEY

A

The first castle. The motte was the lookout on a hill and the bailey was the residential section.

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16
Q

THE KEEP

A

The main building of the stone castle where the lord and lady, their families, and some soldiers lived.

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17
Q

BATTLEMENTS

A

Lookout on top of the keep. Sentries kept guard.

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18
Q

TURRETS

A

Strong towers along the walls.

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19
Q

DRAWBRIDGE

A

To cross the moat. Raised during a raid and at night.

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20
Q

PORTCULLIS

A

A big heavy iron grill in front of the gate. Could be lowered.

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21
Q

RAMPARTS

A

Ran along the top of top of the walls. Soldiers walked along these.

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22
Q

LATRINES

A

The toilets of the castle. In the corner of one of the towers of the keep.

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23
Q

FORGE

A

Where the blacksmith made weapons and horse shoes. In the courtyard.

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24
Q

BALLISTA

A

A giant crossbow fired at the castle in a siege.

25
Q

SOLAR

A

The room in which women did embroydery. Faced south and was the warmest room of the castle.

26
Q

TAPESTRIES

A

Thick heavy embroidered hung on the walls for warmth.

27
Q

HAWKING

A

Hawks were tamed and trained to hunt other birds.

28
Q

TOURNAMENT

A

Where knights fought mock battles.

29
Q

DOWRY

A

When a noble woman’s parents gave money or cattle to her husband.

30
Q

PAGE

A

The first stage of becoming a knight at age 7. Learned: Manners, how to ride, to use a sword, and music.

31
Q

SQUIRE

A

Second stage of becoming a knight at 14. Went to war with his lord and carried his weapons.

32
Q

CHIVALRY

A

A code of honour the squire has to swear to uphold during his dubbing. Involves being polite to women and children, and never fleeing from battle.

33
Q

TOWNEY

A

Where a group of knights fight with blunt weapons in a tournament.

34
Q

JOUST

A

Two knights had to knock each other off their horse.

35
Q

DUBBING

A

The ceremony in which the squire becomes a knight at 21. Swears to uphold the code of chivalry.

36
Q

CURFEW

A

When the bells rang in the manor, all the fires had to be killed.

37
Q

CHARTER

A

A legal document where the king allows a town to run itself.

38
Q

GUILD

A

The rulers of the town were in the guild. They voted for corporation.

39
Q

CRAFTSPERSON

A

Made things people needed.

40
Q

JOURNEYMAN

A

What a craftsperson becomes at 19. He is now paid and can travel.

41
Q

WHAT ARE THE 2 TYPES OF MEDIEVAL CHURCHES?

A

Romanesque and gothic.

42
Q

ROMANESQUE CHURCHES HAVE

A

Round arches, thick round columns, a dark inside, and small windows.

43
Q

GOTHIC CHURCHES HAVE

A

Spires, slim columns, big stain glass windows, gargoyles and painted arches.

44
Q

MONASTERY

A

A place where people who devoted their lives to God lived.

45
Q

DORMITORY

A

Where the monks slept.

46
Q

CLOISTERS

A

A square garden in the middle of the monastery. Where monks liked to walk and pray.

47
Q

CHAPTER HOUSE

A

Where the new abbot was elected and monks discussed business in the monastery.

48
Q

TONSURE

A

The haircut monks had.

49
Q

REFECTORY

A

Where the monks ate their meals in silence.

50
Q

THE INFIRMARY

A

Where the sick were nursed.

51
Q

LIBRARY

A

Where monks studied or copied manuscripts.

52
Q

GUEST HOUSE

A

Where the monks gave food to poor people and travellers.

53
Q

GUEST HOUSE

A

Where the monks gave food to poor people and travellers.

54
Q

NOVICE

A

First stage of becoming a monk.

55
Q

PRAYERS

A

Matins (morning)
Vespers (evening)
Compline (night)

56
Q

PRIOR

A

The second in command.

57
Q

ABBOT

A

The head of the monastery.

58
Q

ALMONER

A

Looked after travellers.

59
Q

INFIRMARIAN

A

Looked after the sick.

60
Q

FRIAR

A

Like travelling doctors.

History (16 decks)

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