Wakefulness and Sleep

Question 1

Overview: What is Sleep?

Answer 1

Sleep is an Active process

Question 2

When we are deprived of sleep, we are not at our best cognitively

Answer 2

Probably all animals sleep (various lengths)
1. Bat sleeps the most, giraffes sleep the least
2. Some might not have to all the time?
a) Baby dolphins, Mom stays awake for a month because kid doesn’t
sleep

Question 3

Overview: What is Sleep?

Answer 3

May be the strongest, most insistent drive

Question 4

Overview: What is Sleep?

Answer 4

Still don’t know why we sleep
1. Restorative function
2. Adaptive function

Question 5

Overview: What is Sleep?

Answer 5

When we are deprived of sleep, we are not at our best cognitively

Question 6

Typical human sleep architecture

Answer 6

A. Know different stages of sleep and the cycle
B. Each REM-REM period is one cycle, multiple cycles in one night

Question 7

Wakefulness

Answer 7

1. Sleep isn’t a unitary condition
   a) Not totally unconscious

Question 8

Wakefulness

Answer 8

1. Sleep isn’t a unitary condition
   a) Not totally unconscious

Question 9

Wakefulness

Answer 9

2. Reticular formation (RF)
   a) Runs along stem
   b) ARAS, projects info from RF to rest of brain
   (1) ACh path from dorsal RF to thalamus
   (a) ACh and glutamate “fanning” → cortex, keeps you
   awake
   (b) NE, DA, 5-HT, Hist path from ventral RF,
   hypothalamus and PAG → cortex, this bypasses
   thalamus