Special Topics In Reproductive Behavior

Question 1

AIS and society

Answer 1

-did Ericka Coimbra from Olympics due to Y chromosomes?
-nearly disqualified from Olympics from Y chromosomes
-genetic testing has now stopped for future Olympics
-testosterone correlations with performance are often weak to nonexistent

Question 2

Atypical Hormones

Answer 2

-CAH
-“congenital adrenal hyperplasia”
-quite common
-due to abnormally active adrenal glands
-produce male hormones during gestation

Question 3

Atypical Hormones

Answer 3

-CAH
-may cause clitoris to look like a penis (Prader 2)
-may be pronounced a male at birth
-may involve changing gender
-born female with masculine genitalia

Question 4

Atypical Hormones

Answer 4

-CAH
-sometimes there’s is no external ambiguity
-pronounced “boy” at birth
-may have male gender identity

Question 5

Atypical Hormones

Answer 5

-CAH
-difficult to identify mild cases where no noticeable changes in genitals
-but what about brain
-we do know that of those identified with CAH, approximately half are lesbian/bisexual

Question 6

Atypical Hormones

Answer 6

-CAH
-gender issues?
-Ewe study?

Question 7

Special Topics: genetic diversity in humans

Answer 7

Blah

Question 8

Genetic Variation in Humans

Answer 8

-humans among least genetically diverse species on earth
-85% of all humans genetic variation exists within a population
-we haven’t been on earth that long compared to other species
-15% of variation exists between populations
-all variance is in .1% of the human genome
-most scientists doubt the validity of race as a biological construct

Question 9

Penis Size Science

Answer 9

-Alfred Kinsey (1948) “Sexual Behavior in the Human Male”
-Method: mass mail of postcards to men around the country
-participants would measure erect penis, note on card, send back to Kinsey
-average erect penis 6.2
-biases?

Question 10

Penis Size Science

Answer 10

-Condom industry very interested in this
-“LifeStyle” condoms did study in 2001
-Method: recruit college student during spring break in Cancun
-401 agreed to be measured in lab setting
-average erect penis was 5.9 in (0.8 SD)

Question 11

Penis Size Science

Answer 11

-Masters & Johnson, (1976) addressed “phallic fallacy”
-men who have smaller flaccid penises-
-“growers”
-men who have larger flaccid penises-
-“showers”
-neither have any differences when erected
-average size was 5.2

Question 12

Penis Size Studies

Answer 12

-Wessells et Al., (1996) Chen & Gefen, (2001)
-random sample, many ethnicities, etc
-looked at many “predictors of penis size
-average erect size = 5.08 (SD= 1.1)
-20% had erect penises of 4 or less

Question 13

Penis Size Science

Answer 13

-race differences (no)
-hand size (no)
-shoe size (no)
-height (no)