Wakefield: Legislation

Question 1

Method?

Answer 1

Self-report (questionnaire) asking how smoking was restricted in the home, if there was a ban in school and if so, how well it was enforced

Question 2

PPs?

Answer 2

17,287 high school students at 202 schools in U.S. aged 14-17

Question 3

6 categories?

Answer 3

1. Non-susceptible non-smokers
2. Susceptible non-smokers
3. Early experimenters
4. Advanced experiments
5. Established smokers
6. Current smoking

Question 4

Results?

Answer 4

• home smoking bans most effective

* school bans associated with 11% reduction in uptake

Question 5

Conclusions?

Answer 5

• Wakefield acknowledged there may be many other variables effecting
• home bans the most effective

Question 6

Pros and cons?

Answer 6

PROS:
•high ecological validity
•high population validity+reliable
•self-report= insight into thoughts

CONS:
•social desirability
•categories= reductionist? “Current smoker” could be 1 cig in 30 days
•closed q= no cause+effect

Question 7

Aim?

Answer 7

To determine the relation between the extent of restrictions on smoking at home, in school and in public places and smoking uptake and prevalence among school students.