w7 treatments of disorder

Question 1

treatment of psychological disorders

biological or psychological

Answer 1

• genetics, brain
• experiences and learning that shapes attitudes, beliefs
  –> can be both

Question 2

theories

Answer 2

focus on factors causing and maintaining psychological disorder

Question 3

4 types

Types of therapies

Answer 3

psychodynamic
humanistic
behavioural
cognitive-behavioural

Question 4

goal of psychotherapy

Answer 4

help people change thoughts, behaviours and feeling patterns

Question 5

1

Psychodynamic is

Answer 5

influence of past to build insight, awareness to conflicts

Question 6

1

psychoanalysis vs psychodynamic

Answer 6

freuds specific treatment approach - long intensive therapy
vs
broader freud ideas, focus on developing insight and internal ‘unconscious conflicts’

Question 7

1

3 parts of mind

Answer 7

id - instinct ‘i want it now!’
ego - balance ‘we can compromise’
superego - internal morality ‘its not right’

Question 8

1

3 techniques

Answer 8

free association
dream analysis
interpretation

Question 9

resistance vs transference

Answer 9

r = avoid and resist insights
t = overly positive/negative response, transferred from someone in past

Question 10

2

Humanistic is

with 3 characteristics:

Answer 10

importance of therapeutic relationship, trusting client to find solutions to change
- unconditional positive regard
- empathy
- genuineness

Question 11

2

humans are….

Answer 11

innate growth, self determination
maladaptive behaviours when growth is blocked by perceptions

Question 12

2

with maslows hierarchy

Answer 12

desire for ‘self-actualisation’
person-centred therapy for personal grouwth and awareness

Question 13

3

behavioural is

learning principles

Answer 13

role of learning processes in understanding and overcoming psychological disorders
- behavioural change
- maladaptive behaviours are learned, thus can be unlearned

classical, operant conditioning
modelling

Question 14

2

exposure therapy for….

+ treatment

Answer 14

fears, anxiety, phobias

treated via extinction learning principles

Question 15

2

classical vs operant conditionig

Answer 15

= dog threat stimulus and unconditioned fear, becomes conditioned stimulus all dogs threat= conditioned fear response’

= avoidance behaviour negatively reinforced, avoidance stops us from unlearning fear
- take away stimulus and adverse experience

Question 16

exposure

+ 3 aspects

Answer 16

persist with fear exposure, not avoid
anxiety naturally goes when exposed and no harm

graded, repeated, prolonged

strong evidence for this

Question 17

behavioural activation for depression

Answer 17

depression - lack of positive reinforcement
withdrawal behaviours form downward spiral
low mood –> worse mood

THUS - establish positive reinforcement, rewarding

Question 18

4

cognitive-behavioural is

Answer 18

cognition in understanding, overcoming
- developing skills to modify unhelpful cognitions
- CHALLENGING THOUGHT

Question 19

4

Ellis - rational emotion therapy

Answer 19

A = activiating event - trigger
B - beliefs - thinking
C - consequences - feeling, behaviour
D - disputation - challenge the thoughts

need to turn B into D (i have done lots of speeches, i do well’

eg. saying speech, ‘so bad and fail’, anxious and sweat read notes

Question 20

3rd wave cognitive behavioural therapy

Answer 20

accepting thoughts, changing behaviour

Question 21

behavioural vs cognitive BT

Answer 21

b= changing behaviour
c = changing t and b

Question 22

who did what?

Sigmund freud -
Carl rogers -
BF skinner -
aaron Beck -

Answer 22

psychodynamic
humanistic
behavioural
cognitive-behavioural

Question 23

helping Peter

what would Freud, Roger, Skinner, Beck do?

Answer 23

f = uncover early childhood expriences like unconscious anger
r= safe, accepting, non-judgemental space to find own solutions
s = patterns of behaviour, lack of positive reinforcement and restablish rewards
b = identify styles of thinking, develop balance perspectives, question/challenge thought

Question 24

3rd wave

mindfulness - based cognitive therapy

therapy - wiliam segal
stress reuction - jon kabit zin

Answer 24

state of awareness, focus, openness
- use with other treatments for psychological disorders

present moment without judgement

mindfullness-based stress reduction to reduce rumination +depression

Question 25

3rd wave

ACT

stephen hayes

Answer 25

acceptance and commitment therapy
- acceptance of unhelpful thoughts/feelings
- commitment to pursuing values

Question 26

3rd wave

DBT

marsha linehan

Answer 26

dialectical behaviour therapy
= for borderline personality disorder
- integration of acceptance and change (2 opposing things can both valid)

Question 27

Biomedical theories/therapies

what for

Answer 27

targeting (chemical messengers) neurotransmitters to alter brain function
- mood regulation
- - psychopharmacology

Question 28

psychopharmacology

Answer 28

drug therapies for brain chemistry to alter impact cognition, behaviour

Question 29

antidepressants

Answer 29

monoamine oxidases inhibitors
- increase neurotransmitters activity

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

• increase only serotonin
• blocking readsorption of serotonin

combine with psychotherapy

Question 30

anxiolytics

Answer 30

depress central nervous system
- calming, short term anxiety

use antidepressants

Question 31

antipsychotics

Answer 31

blocking dopamine receptors
- sz, psychosis, bipolar

1st gen major side effects, negative withdrawals
2nd gen less, side effe

decreases hospitalisation, stabilise for therapy

Question 32

drug therapy

Answer 32

medication for short term symptom supression, facilitate engagement in psychotherapy (skills)
psychotherapy for long-term relapse prevention

Question 33

culture

Answer 33

western cultures, anknowledge others and train away from stereotypes

Question 34

Electroconvulsive therapy ECT
repetitive transcranial megnetic stimulation rTMS

Answer 34

ect for treatment resistant depression
rTMS for stimulate nerve cells mood and depression