w7 treatments of disorder Flashcards
treatment of psychological disorders
biological or psychological
- genetics, brain
- experiences and learning that shapes attitudes, beliefs
–> can be both
theories
focus on factors causing and maintaining psychological disorder
4 types
Types of therapies
psychodynamic
humanistic
behavioural
cognitive-behavioural
goal of psychotherapy
help people change thoughts, behaviours and feeling patterns
1
Psychodynamic is
influence of past to build insight, awareness to conflicts
1
psychoanalysis vs psychodynamic
freuds specific treatment approach - long intensive therapy
vs
broader freud ideas, focus on developing insight and internal ‘unconscious conflicts’
1
3 parts of mind
id - instinct ‘i want it now!’
ego - balance ‘we can compromise’
superego - internal morality ‘its not right’
1
3 techniques
free association
dream analysis
interpretation
resistance vs transference
r = avoid and resist insights
t = overly positive/negative response, transferred from someone in past
2
Humanistic is
with 3 characteristics:
importance of therapeutic relationship, trusting client to find solutions to change
- unconditional positive regard
- empathy
- genuineness
2
humans are….
innate growth, self determination
maladaptive behaviours when growth is blocked by perceptions
2
with maslows hierarchy
desire for ‘self-actualisation’
person-centred therapy for personal grouwth and awareness
3
behavioural is
learning principles
role of learning processes in understanding and overcoming psychological disorders
- behavioural change
- maladaptive behaviours are learned, thus can be unlearned
classical, operant conditioning
modelling
2
exposure therapy for….
+ treatment
fears, anxiety, phobias
treated via extinction learning principles
2
classical vs operant conditionig
= dog threat stimulus and unconditioned fear, becomes conditioned stimulus all dogs threat= conditioned fear response’
= avoidance behaviour negatively reinforced, avoidance stops us from unlearning fear
- take away stimulus and adverse experience
exposure
+ 3 aspects
persist with fear exposure, not avoid
anxiety naturally goes when exposed and no harm
graded, repeated, prolonged
strong evidence for this
behavioural activation for depression
depression - lack of positive reinforcement
withdrawal behaviours form downward spiral
low mood –> worse mood
THUS - establish positive reinforcement, rewarding
4
cognitive-behavioural is
cognition in understanding, overcoming
- developing skills to modify unhelpful cognitions
- CHALLENGING THOUGHT
4
Ellis - rational emotion therapy
A = activiating event - trigger
B - beliefs - thinking
C - consequences - feeling, behaviour
D - disputation - challenge the thoughts
need to turn B into D (i have done lots of speeches, i do well’
eg. saying speech, ‘so bad and fail’, anxious and sweat read notes
3rd wave cognitive behavioural therapy
accepting thoughts, changing behaviour
behavioural vs cognitive BT
b= changing behaviour
c = changing t and b
who did what?
Sigmund freud -
Carl rogers -
BF skinner -
aaron Beck -
psychodynamic
humanistic
behavioural
cognitive-behavioural
helping Peter
what would Freud, Roger, Skinner, Beck do?
f = uncover early childhood expriences like unconscious anger
r= safe, accepting, non-judgemental space to find own solutions
s = patterns of behaviour, lack of positive reinforcement and restablish rewards
b = identify styles of thinking, develop balance perspectives, question/challenge thought
3rd wave
mindfulness - based cognitive therapy
therapy - wiliam segal
stress reuction - jon kabit zin
state of awareness, focus, openness
- use with other treatments for psychological disorders
present moment without judgement
mindfullness-based stress reduction to reduce rumination +depression
