w7) personality disorders Flashcards by Amanda Chiu

personality general

Is personality stable or unstable patterns of cognition, emotion, behavior, functioning? what is the goal of personality in relation to life?
what is adaptive personality?

stable
can cope with stressors, fulfilling life

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personality general

what is a “disorder” in personality then?

set of TRAITS –> hard to live fulfilling life

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personality general

3P’s of personality is?
per-per-path

1) pervasive = stable occurence in VARIOUS situations (not just some, some=not stable/pervasice)

2) PERSISTENT = stable OVER TIME (min 5 yrs)

3) PATHOLOGICAL = disorder - must lead to functional impairment

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PD classifcation

what are the 3 clusters A, B, C of PD? how many in each cluster?

A) odd ecccentric 3
B) emotional erratic dramatic 4
C) anxious fearful 4

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odd eccentric cluster A

Name 3 PD in cluster A (odd eccentric)
which is still

odd PSS

paranoid
schizoid
schizotypal

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odd eccentric cluster A

what is odd eccentric cluster A PD related to generally?

intpersonal social relationships deficits

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general PD

what’s the minimum requirement common in all PD?

not schizophrenia, bipolar, psychotic disorders, med, substance related

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odd eccentric cluster A (PSS)

Cluster A1) PARANOID PD - use 2 main words to describe it. what emotion is it driven by?
min 4/7 criteria include

suspicious of 2 things? disclose or not?
read hidden?
angry 2 ex? doubts who?

suspiciousness, distrust, driven by FEAR

unjustified sus towards partner (infidelity)
unjustified sus towards being harmed
reluctant to confide/disclose bc sus

doubts trust of friends/relationsihps
angry reaction if threat to character/reutation
holds grudges

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odd eccentric cluster A (PSS)

How is paranoid PD different to schizophrenia or delusions?

no hallucinations, cog distortions, or full blown delusions present!!

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odd eccentric cluster A (PSS)

Cluster A2) use 2 words to describe/sum schizoid PD? what emotion is it driven by?

think “schiZOID rhythms with VOID
affect is? emotions?
lacking relationships ex? alone or companion?
pleasures?

detrachement, restrictiont, driven by lacking interest in others

flat affect, cold
indifference to praise, criticism
lack friends
prefer solitude
lack desire for closer relationships
lack desire for sex
lack pelasurable activities

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odd eccentric cluster A (PSS)

cluster A3) use 3 words to describe/sum schizotypal PD? what does it have which paranoid and schizoid PD DON’T HAVE?

lack close relationships
magical thinking
eccentric

have cognitive perceptual distortions! (more severe)

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odd eccentric cluster A (PSS)

5/8 criteria of schizotypal PD

hint: 4 thought, 1 emo, 1 look, 2 friend

TYLER with –TYPAL is most severe

magical thinking (extransensory perception, read minds)
ideas of reference (TV designed for them)
unusual perceptions (illusions, sensory perceptions
suspicion, paranoid
inapp restricted affect (flat aloof)
odd behavior (social anxiety, dress, clothing)
social anxiety
lack friends

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odd eccentric cluster A (PSS)

risk factors for schizotypal
- brain?
- most similar to what other psych disorder?

genetics, enlarged ventricles, smaller GM in temporal lobe
schizophrenia

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dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

name 4 types of dramatic erratic cluster B personality disorders

Antisocial
Borderline
Histrionic
Narcissistic

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dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

use 2 words do summarize B1) antisocial PD
ego dystonic or syntonic?
more in which gender? what comorbid with?

disregard rights of others
impulsive

ego dystonic = individual with PD does not percieve it as a problem/issue

men 3x, susbtance abuse, drug rehab

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dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

3 criteria of antisocial PD
- min of criteria #3 (3/7) includes

3 actions of rule breaking, 4 affect/emotion

min age 15 yrs = have conduct disorder
min age to diagnosis = 18 yrs
symptoms = disregard safety others/self, law breaking, unresponsible finance, lack remorse, impulsive, agression, deceitful

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dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

how does psychopathy differ to antisocial?

psychopathy focuses on FEELINGS, THOUGHTS - no sense shame, anxieety, remorse, charm to manipulate
- bold, mean, impuslive

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

Is sociopathy or psychopathy required to dignose APD?

no can overlap, not required, subset but 2 different terms

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

APD aetiology?

genetics
dec emotional reactivity (amgygdala) PFC (less threat response)
social influence - parental harsh, disciplinary

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

use 2 words to summarize borderline PD (most commonly seen in where?)

unstable mood, relationships
impulsive

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

5 domains of dysregulation in borderline PD include?

self
intepersonal
emotions
cognition
behavioral

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN) in borderline PDE

interpersonal dysreg 2 ex
self and cog dysreg 1 ex

efforts avoid abandonment, unstable relationships (devalued or idealized = spllitting from hate to love a person)

identity disruptions, dysreg sense of self (not sure who they are as a person= dyeing hair)

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

emotional dysreg 4 ex
behavior dysreg 2 ex

rapid mood changes, poor control anger, stress (paranoid thoughts), feeling empty

impsulive min 2 (spending, sex, substance, drive, eating), recurrent suicidal behavior

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

aetiology of BPD?

genes
social - abuse, abandonment neglect
inc amgydala, dec PFC activity

# dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN) what treatment used for Borderline PD? biosocial model explains?

DBT (diathesis behavioral therapy) bio (high emotional dysregulation) + social (invalidating env, parents child suppress emotions, lack attention care)

# dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN) 4 steps to DBT for borderline PD?

1) address impulsive behaviors 2) modulate emotions (tolerate stress) 3) improve self esteem 4) inc connectedness, happiness

# dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN) use 2 words describe histrioninic PD? min 5/8 signs more in what gender? cons? attention drawn by? speech is? emotions is? read relationships as inapp? sexual behavior?

attention seeking, dramatic - strong need to be center of attention - physical appearance draw attention - speech excessive impression/no detail - rapid shfiting shallow emotions - exaggerated emotions - inapp sexual beahviors - misread relationships as more intimate - overally suggestable women, low content validity, clinical utility

# dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN) use 3 words summarize narcissitic PD 5/9 criteria grandiosity- sees self as ? 4 ex admiration need? lacking empathy in? 4 neg characteristics?

gradiosity, need admiration, lack empathy - grand view of self importance - success/beauty focus - high self status - strong entitlement - need admiration - lack empathy - exploit others - envy others - arrogance

# dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN) 3 social intepersonal factors of narcissitic PD aetiology?

parenting - overindulged or neglect (defensive as narcissism) self importance focused, boost self worth fragile self esteem --> interact w others to boost self esteem

# fearful anxious cluster C (ADO) summarize avoidant PD with 3 words fear of? avoids?

social inhibition inadequacy hypersensitive to critics fear of rejection, dissproval criticsm --> avoidance (relationships, contacts) --> neg feedback

# fearful anxious cluster C (ADO) 4/7 criteria for avoidant PD? co-occurs with which disorder? dep? alcohol? avoids what types of relationships? activities? see self as? preoccupied with what thoughts?

- avoid occupational/intepersonal conact (fear critics) - restrained intimate relationships - restrained to new relationships - unwilling invovled unless liked by them - avoid new activities (embarassing) - self as inferior - preoccupation with rejection/criticsm social anxiety disorder, dep, alcohol abuse

# fearful anxious cluster C (ADO) dependent PD is focused on? sees self as?

reliance on others self as weak cared for comforted, not threatened needs to look (or find new) relationships if ends

# fearful anxious cluster C (ADO) min 5/7 criteria for dependent PD? difficulty doing what? (3 alone related) need others to take ? fears of ? sees self as ?

- hard to make decisions (need advice) - hard to disagree others - hard to do tasks alone - need others to take responsibility - need new relationship if ends - feels helpless when alone - feels fear of taking care of self

# fearful anxious cluster C (ADO) what is dependent PD likely to develop from?

depression, intepersonal losses, inc anxiety, bulimia, overprotective parents

# fearful anxious cluster C (ADO) Obessive compulsive PD summarized by intense need to? how is OCD diff? what are obsessive compulsive PD personality traits like?

intense need for details, rules, perfection, control, order OCD has obessions (thoughts) and compulsions (behaviors) to reduce anxiety need order, stubborn, rigid, inflexible

# fearful anxious cluster C (ADO) criteria needing ? hard to do ? avoid delegating unless? preoccupied with?

- preoccuped w rules/details/organization - extreme perfection - extreme work devotion - unflexible - hard to discard worthless items - avoid delegating unless others conform to their standards - rigid, stubborn

# medication what other disorder is schizotypal similar to? what medication do they both prescribe?

schizotypal similar to schizophrenia prescribe antipsycjotics - reduce unsual thinking, cognitive perceptions

# medication what other disorder is avoidant PD similar to? what medication do they both prescribe?

social anxiety disorder antidepressants, CBT

# 4 cons of PD categories name 4 cons of PD categories

1) heterogenity of categories (diff min 4/8 symptoms checked can differ from person to person) 2) prevalence low 3) comorbid 4) unstable over time

# categorical models of PD what 4 alternative models are used for PD?

cut off scores for diagnosing indivudal diff focused overall clinical severity based on level of functioning trait specifiers (Negative affect, detachment, disocialibility, disinhibition, psychoticism)