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w7) personality disorders Flashcards

1
Q

personality general

Is personality stable or unstable patterns of cognition, emotion, behavior, functioning? what is the goal of personality in relation to life?
what is adaptive personality?

A

stable
can cope with stressors, fulfilling life

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2
Q

personality general

what is a “disorder” in personality then?

A

set of TRAITS –> hard to live fulfilling life

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3
Q

personality general

3P’s of personality is?
per-per-path

A

1) pervasive = stable occurence in VARIOUS situations (not just some, some=not stable/pervasice)

2) PERSISTENT = stable OVER TIME (min 5 yrs)

3) PATHOLOGICAL = disorder - must lead to functional impairment

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4
Q

PD classifcation

what are the 3 clusters A, B, C of PD? how many in each cluster?

A

A) odd ecccentric 3
B) emotional erratic dramatic 4
C) anxious fearful 4

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5
Q

odd eccentric cluster A

Name 3 PD in cluster A (odd eccentric)
which is still

odd PSS

A

paranoid
schizoid
schizotypal

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6
Q

odd eccentric cluster A

what is odd eccentric cluster A PD related to generally?

A

intpersonal social relationships deficits

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7
Q

general PD

what’s the minimum requirement common in all PD?

A

not schizophrenia, bipolar, psychotic disorders, med, substance related

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8
Q

odd eccentric cluster A (PSS)

Cluster A1) PARANOID PD - use 2 main words to describe it. what emotion is it driven by?
min 4/7 criteria include

suspicious of 2 things? disclose or not?
read hidden?
angry 2 ex? doubts who?

A

suspiciousness, distrust, driven by FEAR

unjustified sus towards partner (infidelity)
unjustified sus towards being harmed
reluctant to confide/disclose bc sus

doubts trust of friends/relationsihps
angry reaction if threat to character/reutation
holds grudges

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9
Q

odd eccentric cluster A (PSS)

How is paranoid PD different to schizophrenia or delusions?

A

no hallucinations, cog distortions, or full blown delusions present!!

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10
Q

odd eccentric cluster A (PSS)

Cluster A2) use 2 words to describe/sum schizoid PD? what emotion is it driven by?

think “schiZOID rhythms with VOID
affect is? emotions?
lacking relationships ex? alone or companion?
pleasures?

A

detrachement, restrictiont, driven by lacking interest in others

  • flat affect, cold
  • indifference to praise, criticism
  • lack friends
  • prefer solitude
  • lack desire for closer relationships
  • lack desire for sex
  • lack pelasurable activities
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11
Q

odd eccentric cluster A (PSS)

cluster A3) use 3 words to describe/sum schizotypal PD? what does it have which paranoid and schizoid PD DON’T HAVE?

A

lack close relationships
magical thinking
eccentric

have cognitive perceptual distortions! (more severe)

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12
Q

odd eccentric cluster A (PSS)

5/8 criteria of schizotypal PD

hint: 4 thought, 1 emo, 1 look, 2 friend

TYLER with –TYPAL is most severe

A
  • magical thinking (extransensory perception, read minds)
  • ideas of reference (TV designed for them)
  • unusual perceptions (illusions, sensory perceptions
  • suspicion, paranoid
  • inapp restricted affect (flat aloof)
  • odd behavior (social anxiety, dress, clothing)
  • social anxiety
  • lack friends
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13
Q

odd eccentric cluster A (PSS)

risk factors for schizotypal
- brain?
- most similar to what other psych disorder?

A

genetics, enlarged ventricles, smaller GM in temporal lobe
schizophrenia

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14
Q

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

name 4 types of dramatic erratic cluster B personality disorders

A

Antisocial
Borderline
Histrionic
Narcissistic

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15
Q

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

use 2 words do summarize B1) antisocial PD
ego dystonic or syntonic?
more in which gender? what comorbid with?

A

disregard rights of others
impulsive

ego dystonic = individual with PD does not percieve it as a problem/issue

men 3x, susbtance abuse, drug rehab

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16
Q

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

3 criteria of antisocial PD
- min of criteria #3 (3/7) includes

3 actions of rule breaking, 4 affect/emotion

A

min age 15 yrs = have conduct disorder
min age to diagnosis = 18 yrs
symptoms = disregard safety others/self, law breaking, unresponsible finance, lack remorse, impulsive, agression, deceitful

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17
Q

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

how does psychopathy differ to antisocial?

A

psychopathy focuses on FEELINGS, THOUGHTS - no sense shame, anxieety, remorse, charm to manipulate
- bold, mean, impuslive

18
Q

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

Is sociopathy or psychopathy required to dignose APD?

A

no can overlap, not required, subset but 2 different terms

19
Q

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

APD aetiology?

A

genetics
dec emotional reactivity (amgygdala) PFC (less threat response)
social influence - parental harsh, disciplinary

20
Q

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

use 2 words to summarize borderline PD (most commonly seen in where?)

A

unstable mood, relationships
impulsive

21
Q

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

5 domains of dysregulation in borderline PD include?

A

self
intepersonal
emotions
cognition
behavioral

22
Q

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN) in borderline PDE

interpersonal dysreg 2 ex
self and cog dysreg 1 ex

A

efforts avoid abandonment, unstable relationships (devalued or idealized = spllitting from hate to love a person)

identity disruptions, dysreg sense of self (not sure who they are as a person= dyeing hair)

23
Q

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

emotional dysreg 4 ex
behavior dysreg 2 ex

A

rapid mood changes, poor control anger, stress (paranoid thoughts), feeling empty

impsulive min 2 (spending, sex, substance, drive, eating), recurrent suicidal behavior

24
Q

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

aetiology of BPD?

A

genes
social - abuse, abandonment neglect
inc amgydala, dec PFC activity

25
Q

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

what treatment used for Borderline PD?
biosocial model explains?

A

DBT (diathesis behavioral therapy)

bio (high emotional dysregulation) + social (invalidating env, parents child suppress emotions, lack attention care)

26
Q

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

4 steps to DBT for borderline PD?

A

1) address impulsive behaviors
2) modulate emotions (tolerate stress)
3) improve self esteem
4) inc connectedness, happiness

27
Q

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

use 2 words describe histrioninic PD?
min 5/8 signs

more in what gender?
cons?

attention drawn by?
speech is?
emotions is?

read relationships as inapp?
sexual behavior?

A

attention seeking, dramatic

  • strong need to be center of attention
  • physical appearance draw attention
  • speech excessive impression/no detail
  • rapid shfiting shallow emotions
  • exaggerated emotions
  • inapp sexual beahviors
  • misread relationships as more intimate
  • overally suggestable

women, low content validity, clinical utility

28
Q

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

use 3 words summarize narcissitic PD

5/9 criteria

grandiosity- sees self as ? 4 ex
admiration need?
lacking empathy in? 4 neg characteristics?

A

gradiosity, need admiration, lack empathy

  • grand view of self importance
  • success/beauty focus
  • high self status
  • strong entitlement
  • need admiration
  • lack empathy
  • exploit others
  • envy others
  • arrogance
29
Q

dramatic erratic cluster B (ABHN)

3 social intepersonal factors of narcissitic PD aetiology?

A

parenting - overindulged or neglect (defensive as narcissism)
self importance focused, boost self worth
fragile self esteem –> interact w others to boost self esteem

30
Q

fearful anxious cluster C (ADO)

summarize avoidant PD with 3 words

fear of?
avoids?

A

social inhibition
inadequacy
hypersensitive to critics

fear of rejection, dissproval criticsm –> avoidance (relationships, contacts) –> neg feedback

31
Q

fearful anxious cluster C (ADO)

4/7 criteria for avoidant PD?
co-occurs with which disorder? dep? alcohol?

avoids what types of relationships? activities?
see self as?
preoccupied with what thoughts?

A
  • avoid occupational/intepersonal conact (fear critics)
  • restrained intimate relationships
  • restrained to new relationships
  • unwilling invovled unless liked by them
  • avoid new activities (embarassing)
  • self as inferior
  • preoccupation with rejection/criticsm

social anxiety disorder, dep, alcohol abuse

32
Q

fearful anxious cluster C (ADO)

dependent PD is focused on? sees self as?

A

reliance on others
self as weak
cared for comforted, not threatened
needs to look (or find new) relationships if ends

33
Q

fearful anxious cluster C (ADO)

min 5/7 criteria for dependent PD?

difficulty doing what? (3 alone related)
need others to take ?
fears of ?
sees self as ?

A
  • hard to make decisions (need advice)
  • hard to disagree others
  • hard to do tasks alone
  • need others to take responsibility
  • need new relationship if ends
  • feels helpless when alone
  • feels fear of taking care of self
34
Q

fearful anxious cluster C (ADO)

what is dependent PD likely to develop from?

A

depression, intepersonal losses, inc anxiety, bulimia, overprotective parents

35
Q

fearful anxious cluster C (ADO)

Obessive compulsive PD summarized by intense need to?
how is OCD diff?

what are obsessive compulsive PD personality traits like?

A

intense need for details, rules, perfection, control, order

OCD has obessions (thoughts) and compulsions (behaviors) to reduce anxiety

need order, stubborn, rigid, inflexible

36
Q

fearful anxious cluster C (ADO)

criteria needing ?
hard to do ?
avoid delegating unless?
preoccupied with?

A
  • preoccuped w rules/details/organization
  • extreme perfection
  • extreme work devotion
  • unflexible
  • hard to discard worthless items
  • avoid delegating unless others conform to their standards
  • rigid, stubborn
37
Q

medication

what other disorder is schizotypal similar to? what medication do they both prescribe?

A

schizotypal similar to schizophrenia
prescribe antipsycjotics - reduce unsual thinking, cognitive perceptions

38
Q

medication

what other disorder is avoidant PD similar to? what medication do they both prescribe?

A

social anxiety disorder
antidepressants, CBT

39
Q

4 cons of PD categories

name 4 cons of PD categories

A

1) heterogenity of categories (diff min 4/8 symptoms checked can differ from person to person)
2) prevalence low
3) comorbid
4) unstable over time

40
Q

categorical models of PD

what 4 alternative models are used for PD?

A

cut off scores for diagnosing
indivudal diff focused
overall clinical severity based on level of functioning
trait specifiers (Negative affect, detachment, disocialibility, disinhibition, psychoticism)

psych disorders (7 decks)

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