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Soc and Diff > W7 - Attachment > Flashcards

W7 - Attachment Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three components of adult attachment prototypes?

A

Attachment, caregiving, sexual (mating).

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2
Q

What are the three core functions of adult attachment relationships?

A

Proximity seeking, safe haven, secure base.

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3
Q

Define the attachment behavioral system.

A

A biologically evolved neural program for survival, organizing attachment behaviors to achieve ‘felt security’.

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4
Q

What is the goal of the attachment behavioral system?

A

To terminate activation upon achieving security.

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5
Q

What do ‘working models’ in attachment consist of?

A

Beliefs, expectations, memories, goals, and interpersonal strategies.

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6
Q

What role do working models play in adult relationships?

A

Guide behavior, bias interpretation/storage of interactions, influence new relationships.

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7
Q

What are the two dimensions of adult attachment orientations?

A

Anxiety and avoidance.

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8
Q

How is ‘attachment-related anxiety’ characterized?

A

Desire for closeness but fear of rejection and abandonment.

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9
Q

How is ‘attachment-related avoidance’ characterized?

A

Discomfort with emotional closeness, preference for self-reliance.

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10
Q

What attachment style reflects low anxiety and low avoidance?

A

Secure attachment.

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11
Q

Which attachment style prioritizes independence and avoids closeness?

A

Dismissing-avoidant.

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12
Q

Which attachment style seeks excessive closeness and validation from others?

A

Preoccupied.

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13
Q

Describe fearful-avoidant attachment.

A

Avoids intimacy due to fear of rejection but desires closeness.

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14
Q

What tool is used to assess adult attachment orientations?

A

Brennan et al.’s Experiences in Close Relationships (ECR).

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15
Q

What are the main dimensions measured by the ECR?

A

Attachment-related anxiety and avoidance.

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16
Q

What are the psychometric properties of the ECR?

A

High reliability, modest correlation with Big Five traits.

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17
Q

What is a critique of the ECR Anxiety scale?

A

Acquiescence bias due to only one reverse-scored item.

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18
Q

Why is ECR less precise for highly secure individuals?

A

It lacks sensitivity in measuring high levels of attachment security.

19
Q

What is security priming in attachment research?

A

Activating mental representations of security to test causality.

20
Q

What are the effects of security priming?

A

Enhanced relational behaviors, reduced defensiveness, improved perceptions.

21
Q

Name one historical model of adult attachment with three categories.

A

Hazan & Shaver’s model (1987).

22
Q

Name the four attachment categories in Bartholomew’s model.

A

Secure, preoccupied, dismissing, fearful.

23
Q

What is the primary critique of categorical attachment models?

A

Low stability and inability to capture variations.

24
Q

How do dimensional models improve upon categorical models?

A

By using continuous scales for greater variation capture.

25
Q

What are the three stages in the development of romantic relationships?

A

Initiation, maintenance, dissolution.

26
Q

What activities characterize the initiation stage of a romantic relationship?

A

Flirting, dating, self-presentation, and self-disclosure.

27
Q

What processes promote relationship maintenance?

A

Interdependence, communication, conflict management, and caregiving.

28
Q

What is the focus of the dissolution stage in romantic relationships?

A

Loss of interdependence and failure of stability-promoting efforts.

29
Q

Name a personality trait linked to providing emotional support and trust in relationships.

A

Communion.

30
Q

Which personality trait involves traits like dominance and assertiveness?

A

Agency.

31
Q

How does self-control contribute to relationship stability?

A

By managing conflicts and exercising restraint.

32
Q

What is the Ideal Standards Model in relationship formation?

A

Framework linking partner preferences to attachment orientations.

33
Q

How does attachment-related anxiety affect partner preferences?

A

Prioritizes warmth and trustworthiness for long-term strategy.

34
Q

What partner traits are valued by individuals with high attachment-related avoidance?

A

Health, attractiveness, and status/resources for short-term strategies.

35
Q

How does anxiety impact responses to electronic intrusiveness in relationships?

A

Linked to higher intrusiveness and electronic monitoring.

36
Q

What attachment orientation predicts jealousy and surveillance behaviors?

A

Anxiety.

37
Q

What factors mediate the link between attachment insecurity and lower satisfaction?

A

Relationship self-efficacy, duration, and conflict resolution.

38
Q

How does attachment avoidance influence attitudes toward infidelity?

A

Associated with permissive attitudes and higher likelihood of infidelity.

39
Q

What is the ‘weak link’ effect in relationships?

A

The least secure partner strongly impacts relationship quality.

40
Q

What is the buffering effect in attachment theory?

A

Secure partners can mitigate the effects of insecure attachment in the other.

41
Q

What is the relationship between initial marital satisfaction and dissolution risk?

A

High initial satisfaction reduces the likelihood of dissolution.

42
Q

Why are attachment orientations better predictors of relationship quality than Big Five traits?

A

They explain a greater variance in relationship quality (21% vs. 5%).

43
Q

How do changes in attachment security affect relationship quality?

A

Fluctuations in attachment insecurity negatively impact quality.

44
Q

What are two therapy techniques to promote attachment security?

A

Emotion-focused therapy and security priming.

Soc and Diff (9 decks)

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