W4 - Emotional Intelligence Flashcards
What is Emotional Intelligence (EI) as defined by Salovey and Mayer (1990)?
The ability to perceive, understand, regulate, and use emotions effectively in oneself and others.
How does Goleman (2000) define Emotional Intelligence?
EI as a set of emotional competencies that can be learned and developed at any age.
What are the key abilities involved in Mayer and Salovey’s definition of EI?
Perceiving, using, understanding, and managing emotions.
What is incremental validity in psychology?
The extent to which a new measure predicts outcomes above and beyond existing measures.
Why is incremental validity important for Emotional Intelligence research?
It shows whether EI explains additional variance in behaviors or outcomes not accounted for by general intelligence (g) or personality traits.
What evidence supports the incremental validity of EI?
Studies show EI contributes uniquely to predicting job performance, academic success, and interpersonal relationships.
How does the ability model of EI conceptualize Emotional Intelligence?
EI as emotion-related cognitive abilities measured through objective tests with right or wrong answers (e.g., MSCEIT).
What is the trait model of EI, according to Petrides and Furnham (2001)?
EI as a set of self-perceived emotional abilities and traits measured via self-report questionnaires like TEIQue.
How does Ability EI differ from Trait EI in measurement?
Ability EI uses performance-based measures (e.g., MSCEIT), while Trait EI relies on subjective self-report tools (e.g., TEIQue).
What is the main theoretical difference between Ability EI and Trait EI?
Ability EI aligns with cognitive processes and general intelligence (g), while Trait EI aligns with personality traits like empathy and optimism.
How does Goleman’s mixed model of EI bridge Ability and Trait perspectives?
It integrates emotional competencies from both models to emphasize real-world applicability.
What evidence supports Ability EI’s role in predicting outcomes?
Mayer and Salovey’s research shows Ability EI correlates moderately with cognitive intelligence (g) and predicts emotion management tasks.
What evidence supports Trait EI’s role in predicting outcomes?
Meta-analyses show strong correlations between Trait EI and personality traits like Neuroticism (-0.58) and Extraversion (0.47).
How do high Trait EI levels affect academic performance under pressure?
High Trait EI moderates stress, reducing pressure’s negative effects on performance.
What workplace evidence supports Trait EI over Ability EI?
Studies like Côté and Miners (2006) show Trait EI enhances job performance for employees with low cognitive intelligence.
How does training improve Ability EI?
Programs like the Mayer-Salovey model improve emotion perception and regulation (e.g., Herpertz et al., 2016).
How can high EI lead to manipulative behavior?
High EI individuals may use emotional knowledge for Machiavellian purposes, such as deception or exploitation.
What is the Dunning-Kruger effect in the context of EI?
Low-EI individuals overestimate their abilities, leading to poor judgment and maladaptive behavior.
How might high EI impair judgment in social contexts?
High EI individuals may misinterpret distress cues as genuine when they are deceptive.
What does evidence say about EI and delinquency?
High EI has been linked to increased likelihood of engaging in manipulative or antisocial behavior.
How is wisdom defined in psychological research?
Wisdom involves intellectual humility, emotional regulation, perspective-taking, and social and moral reasoning.
What are the key components of wisdom?
Broader perspective-taking, self-reflection, intellectual humility, and awareness of social dynamics.
How does wisdom relate to intelligence and EI?
Wisdom integrates elements of both, using emotional regulation (EI) and cognitive reasoning (intelligence) for ethical decision-making.
What did Grossman et al. (2016) find about wisdom in situational contexts?
Wisdom varies more by situation than by stable traits, highlighting the importance of context.
How does wisdom differ from EI?
While EI focuses on emotional competencies, wisdom includes moral reasoning and concern for others.
What role does psychometric testing play in measuring EI?
It uses maximum-performance tests for Ability EI and typical-performance tests for Trait EI.
Why is measuring EI challenging?
EI involves both cognitive and emotional processes, which may overlap with intelligence and personality.
What are the four branches of Ability EI in the Mayer-Salovey model?
Perceiving emotions, using emotions, understanding emotions, and managing emotions.
How does high Trait EI act as a buffer in high-pressure situations?
It reduces stress and enhances coping mechanisms, leading to better performance.
What is the relationship between EI and academic or workplace success?
EI complements cognitive intelligence, enhancing performance through interpersonal and emotional regulation skills.
