w6 Flashcards

1
Q

kinship

A

Social relationships that are prototypically derived from the universal human experiences of mating, birth, and nurturance.
Not necessarily rooted in biology— differs cross culturally.
Important: Our model does not apply universally!!!!

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2
Q

consanguineal relatives

A

by blood

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3
Q

affinal relatives

A

by marriage

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4
Q

Ethnographic present:

A

Ethnographic present: The use of the present tense to describe a culture, although the description may refer to situations that existed in the past.

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5
Q

Projections of Eurocentric beliefs

A

Using our assumptions to describe and analyze other cultures.
Need to re-evaluate our assumptions.
Assumption that kinship is important only in small-scale societies.

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6
Q

The Trobriand Islands:

A

Live in small groups
Trace their descent through their mother- Matrilineage: a lineage that is formed by tracing descent in the female line.
patriarchy: men have the power

Headed by a brother sister pair with respected partners, lived around watering hole.
They are what we call a natural lineal

Bilateral: mom and dad make me- equally related to both

Matrilineal society or unilineal society: only draw lineage from your mom and the father figure is the uncle- he is the head of the family. the people with all the power is the man- not a matriarchy
Patrileneal society: only draw lineal from your dad- the only relationship that

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7
Q

Unilineal Descent:

A

: Descent through “one line.”
Power
Power and functions of the family are transmitted by women, but entrusted to men.
only draw lineage from your mom

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8
Q

rural chine- matrileange or patrileneage

A

In rural china: patrilineage : the relationship with the father is the important relationship. Men identity is defined by the dead and the living lineage. Ancestors role is very important. For this to continue, a boy needs to be born. If they are not born- the lineage ends- has to do with honor, and cultural roots.. This is why sons in china is such a big deal- they are a big happiness, a son is large happiness.

Decent: relationship with which social identity is drawn

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9
Q

Marriage:

A

the formally recognized union of two people as partners in a personal relationship.
Heteronormative

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10
Q

taboo, incest

A

Taboo: a social or religious custom prohibiting or forbidding discussion a particular practice or forbidding association with a particular person, place, or thing.
Incest Taboo: A rule that prohibits sexual relations among kin of certain categories

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11
Q

cereal monogomy

A

one partner at a time but shift partners- have many boyfriend/girlfriends

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12
Q

Typically hetero normal- between man and a women
Across culture this is the same
Euroamerican context: girlfriend/boyfriend start as early as playschool. Average age of marriage in Canada- 28 in women and 31 in men- changes depending on province. We choose based on love and sexual attraction- this is shapped by our incest taboos.

Cultures define our taboo: for example abortion, adultery, beatiality

Incest taboo: brother sister, cousin, parents, - shape who we can marry- not universal- in Egypt, peru and Hawaii- they encourage brother sister marriages

In ancient Egypt- father daughter marriages were also allowed.
Far more likely to marry someone of same class, ethinicity, race, age, background- availability- shaped who is acceptable

Cereal monogomy- one partner at a time but shift partners-

Camoru: 3 marriages: the first one- have to identify by ankles, the second one is a church – typical wedding, the third wedding is in front of a judge

A

j

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13
Q

Marriage in the Trobriand Islands

A

Courtship starts at a very young age.
Marriage= the formalization of an already existing relationship.
Bridewealth: The values that a groom or his family are expected or obligated to present to the bride’s family.
Brideservice: The requirement that when couple marries, the groom must work for the bride’s parents for some specified time.
Exogamy: A rule that requires a person to marry someone outside his or her own group.

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14
Q

Bridewealth:

A

The values that a groom or his family are expected or obligated to present to the bride’s family.

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15
Q

Brideservice:

A

The requirement that when couple marries, the groom must work for the bride’s parents for some specified time.

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16
Q

Exogamy:

A

A rule that requires a person to marry someone outside his or her own group.

17
Q

trobriand island

A

Look for sexual partners at about 11
Can show affection publicly
Sexual activity before marriage is encouraged
No formal marriage ceremony-when she stays the night and doesn’t leave before morning- they are married. Once the mother realises – she makes a whole bunch of yams and bring over to the parents house to show approval, if she doesn’t approve she will come take the daughter back- matriliniage
The uncle collects the bride wealth- that the groom and their family are expected to gie the bride family- usually yams

After the first year in marriage there is a dramatic chage:
Eat in separate places and sexualy contact become private (vs. at the start where they could show publicly)
Men continu to be involved in own matrileage- still takes care of his family but also of his sisters- not technically members of the family (wife and kids) they are part of the matrileage)

Encu=ourage stron relationship between man and wife- the wife can ask for divorse – then go separate ways.

Al trobiand islands belong to one of 4 clans
You cant marry someone from the same clan
Also cant marriage sibling or first cousin- in the same matrileneage
No father daughter relationships

18
Q

endogamy

A

have to marry someone of their own clan

19
Q

Marriage in Rural C hina

A

Family is centred on the relationship between father and son.
Marriage= more about producing sons.
Patrilineage: A lineage that is formed by tracing descent in the male line.
Dowry: The goods and valuables a bride’s family supplies to the groom’s family or to the couple.
Very little public display of affection.

20
Q

Patrilineage:

A

A lineage that is formed by tracing descent in the male line.

21
Q

Dowry:

A

The goods and valuables a bride’s family supplies to the groom’s family or to the couple.

22
Q

Brideservie

A

: the man is expected to work for the family for a certain number of years (groom side to the bride side

23
Q

m

A

Focuses on relationship between father and son: marriage is about producing a child- not about love relationship.
Parents look for a child producer for their son- not a son looking for a wife.
Often arranged marriages- when children- made in reasons of status and honour and child- will higher a match maker when boy is 6 or 7 years old- find a good partner for the son- she convinces the brides parents of the arrangement- then they talk about bridewealth

Brideservie: the man is expected to work for the family for a certain number of years (groom side to the bride side

Parents can also adopt a girl to raise it to be their sons wife- this way you don’t have to pay bridewealth.- problem: raising them as siblings –incest taboo

In the event where there is no son (no patrilineage decent)- adopt a boy (which is hard to do- shortage of boys) the adopted boy takes the name and can pass on the patrilineage.

Dowry: never land or house– has to be goods. They do not show public affection

24
Q

Polygyny:

A

A form of marriage in which a man is permitted to have more than one wife.

25
Q

Polyandry:

A

A form of marriage in which a woman is permitted to have more than one husband.

26
Q

Partible Inheritance:

A

A form of inheritance in which tPolygamy: A form of marriage in which a person is permitted to have more that one spouse.
he goods or property of a family is divided among the heirs.

27
Q

Impartible Inheritance:

A

A for of inheritance in which family property is passed undivided to one heir.

28
Q

j

A

In india in the film, have multiple husbands: Do this for impartible inheritance: acts as birth control- land is big enough to support the family

In polygyny: you will have a lot of children where infertile death rate is high- want more children to ensure some become adutls or you need the extra hands to support the family, for example 13 kids to work on the farm