W5 - Brainstem Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the medulla oblongata relay sensory information to?

A

The thalamus and other portions of the BSt

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2
Q

What is the main function for the medulla oblongata?

A

Main autonomic centre for visceral function (cardiovascular etc.)

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3
Q

Where does the pons relay sensory information to?

A

The thalamus and cerebellum

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4
Q

What 2 motor centres are found in the pons?

A

Subconscious somatic and visceral

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5
Q

What two types of data are processed in midbrain?

A

Visual and auditory

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6
Q

What does the midbrain generate and what does it maintain?

A

Somatic motor reflexes, maiintains consciousness

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7
Q

What circulation supplies the Bst?

A

The posterior circulation

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8
Q

What two artery types supply the medial parts of the Bst?

A

Vertebral and basilar arteries

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9
Q

What arteries supply the lateral parts of the Bst? (4)

A

The 3 cerebellar vessels (PICA, AICA and the SCA) and the posterior cerebral artery

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10
Q

What 3 ‘systems’ are found in the brainstem?

A

Sensory, motor and parasympathetic

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11
Q

What are the cerebral peduncles (white matter), where do they arise and what is contained within them?

A

The two stalks that join the cerebrum to the Bst arising from the midbrain and containing aff/eff pathways

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12
Q

Are the descending tracts ventral or dorsal on the Bst?

A

Ventral

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13
Q

What are the superior and inferior colliculi involved in? (seen on the posterior side of the Bst)

A

Superior - visual pathway, inferior - auditory

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14
Q

What is between the posterior side of the Bst and the cerebellum?

A

the 4th ventricle

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15
Q

What do the white matter cerebellar peduncles do?

A

Connect Bst to the cerebellum

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16
Q

When the spinal cord becomes the Bst, what happens to the sensory nuclei and motor nuclei centres?

A

The sensory (dorsal horns) move laterally and th motor (ventral horns) move medially

17
Q

What colliculi and peduncles can be seen when you cut rostrally through midbrain and caudally through the midbrain?

A

Rostral - superior colliculi and cerebral peduncles, Caudal - inferior colliculi and cerebral peduncles

18
Q

What does the reticular in the middle of the Bst contain lots of?

A

Integrating centres for reflexes

19
Q

The MLF connects the brainstem’s gaze centres and the vestibular system, what does this allow for?

A

The coordination of eye movements and maintenance of gaze with head movement

20
Q

The PAG is involved in descending pain control and???

A

Regulation of autonomic functions

21
Q

What can be seen in the caudal midbrain that you cant see in the rostral?

A

Pontine nuclei and decussation of superior cerebellar peduncles

22
Q

What two ascending sensory pathways can be seen in the midbrain and pons?

A

MEdial lemniscus and spinothalamic tract

23
Q

What are the 3 peduncles contained in the pons?

A

Medial, Superior and Inferior

24
Q

What do the medial and inferior peduncles of the pons contain?

A

Ascending cerebellar afferents

25
What happens to the 4th ventricle as you move from rostral pons to caudal pons?
Gets much larger/wider
26
What tract runs through the pyramids present on the medulla and through the cerebral peduncle of the midbrain?
Corticospinal tract (a ventral descending tract)
27
What two nuclei can be seen in the caudal medulla and not the rostral medulla?
Gracilis and cuneatus
28
What is present in the tegmentum of the midbrain?
Substantia nigra
29
What are the 'squiggly' grey matter structures called that can be seen in the medulla?
Olives