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DOH100 Clinical practice and theory > W4 Legislation, comp > Flashcards

W4 Legislation, comp Flashcards

1
Q

Define AHPRA & what does it do?

A

Australian Health Practitioners Regulation Agency - Responsible for implementing the National Registration and Accreditation Scheme in Aus. Inc Dental Board

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2
Q

What is AHPRA’s role?

A

Management of registration for health practitioners and complaints process

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3
Q

Who is the Dental Board of Australia?

A

It was established under national law and regulates practitioners in Aus by APHRA

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4
Q

What is the Dental Boards function?

A

Set registration standards, develops codes and guidelines for the profession, accreditation

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5
Q

How many hours and what period are we required to dedicate to CPD?

A

A minimum of 60 hours of CPD activities over 3 years

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6
Q

What is Professional Indemnity Insurance Registration Standard

A

Applies to all practitioners (not students). Must include civil liability cover, retroactive cover where necessary, and reinstatement

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7
Q

What is Professional Indemnity Insurance Registration Standard

A

Applies to all practitioners (not students). Must include civil liability cover, retroactive cover where necessary, and reinstatement

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8
Q

Define Dentist scope of practice

A

Dentistry involves assessing, preventing, diagnosing,
advising on, and treating any injuries, diseases,
deficiencies, deformities or lesions on or of the human
teeth, mouth or jaws or associated structures. It
includes restricted dental acts (see section 121 of the
National Law)

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9
Q

Define OHT scope of practice

A 
Focus: oral health, with
qualifications in dental therapy and
dental hygiene.
Services: assessment, diagnosis,
treatment, management,
prevention.
May include: restorative treatment,
fillings, tooth removal, periodontal
treatment, other oral care to
promote healthy oral behaviours.
Patients: age of 26
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10
Q

What is composite?

A
  1. Organic - Bis-MA, UDMA, TEGMA
  2. Inorganic filler: glass, silica, Glass, zinc, zirconium
  3. Coupling agent: to bind fillers to the matrix
  4. Accelorators/initators: LC or SC
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11
Q

What times of classifications are there for composite?

A

Heterogeneous (irrgeular)
Hemogenous
Hybrid

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12
Q

Name 3 advances in composite

A
  1. Nanotechnology
  2. Intro to reduce 3.shrinkage
  3. Particles that release F-
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13
Q

Name 3 clinical advantages of composite

A
  1. Aesthetic
  2. Handling
  3. Suitable for minimal adhesion denistry
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14
Q

Name 3 clinical disadvantages of composite

A
  1. Not resistant to plaque formation
  2. Polymerisation shrinkage
  3. Not to be used in high occlusion load
  4. Technique sensitive
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15
Q

Describe flowable resin

A

Viscous
Low compressive strength
High polymerization shrinkage
Not recommended for stress resto

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16
Q

How do you reduce polymerisation shrinkage?

A
  1. Incremental placement
  2. Using a base such as GIC
  3. Using a strong bond
  4. Light curing - to prevent marginal leakage
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17
Q

What direction will polymerisation shrink?

A

Towards the direction of the light source

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18
Q

What can vary the bonding/adhesive system?

A
  1. Wettability of the substrate (resin tags)
  2. Viscosity of the adhesive
  3. Morphology and roughness of substrate
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19
Q

Chemically describe enamel adhesive system

A

Etching removes plaque, creates microporsities, increased wettability
Any contact with other liquid reduces wettability

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20
Q

Chemically describe dentin adhesive system

A

Remove smear layer
Don’t over dry
Use primer
Bonding is through hybridisation

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21
Q

What is the fucntion of etchant/conditioner?

A

FUcntion to create a clean surface for bonding, remove smear layer to enable primer to form a hybrid layer

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22
Q

What is the function of primer

A

Promote adhesion to dentine, coupling afent between hydrophillic dentine and hydrophobic resin

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23
Q

What is the function of bpnd?

A

Provide better curing and seal dentinal tubules, helps resist shrinkage

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24
Q

What generation is gold standard?

A

4th three step, completely removes smear layer - indicated when retention is poor

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25
What generation self etch
6th, 7th & 8th, only partially removes smear layer
26
Can you etch enamel and dentin together?
No, enamel requires a strong etch for a longer period. | Dentin requires a weaker, shorter conditioning (avoid harming collagen fibers)
27
What do we chart?
Soft tissue exam finding, extra/intra oral Hard tissue BOP, recession, mobility, furcation, PD, plaque, calculus
28
What is the general obligation for making a mandatory notification?
Sexual misconduct, alcohol or drug which directly impairs persons capacity to work
29
What is a reasonable belief?
You need direct knowledge, not just suspicion of the incident or behaviour
30
What is considered an impairment?
A physical or mental impairment, disability, condition or disorder that detrimentally affects persons capacity to practice the profession
31
What are the key aspects of the Code of Conduct?
1. Providing good care 2. Wokring with pts/other practitioners within the HC system 3. Minimizing risk 4. Maintaining professional performance CPD 5. Professional behavior 6. Ensuring practitioner health
32
How do you provide good care?
Working within scope of practice, maintaining adequate knowledge CPD
33
What is the chemistry of GIC?
Make out of a powder (reactive glass) and liquid(poly-alkeonic ) water. Acid/base reaction to form water based cement
34
What is a resin-modified glass-ionomer cement?
Inclusion of small quanity of additional resin-mostly HEMA - as well as photoinitatiors and other reactive chemicals
35
What are Compomers?
Polyacid-modified composite resins, which is able to release fluoride
36
What is the water balance for GIC?
Water in: immediately critical for autocure cement Water out: critical for 6 months Water in is less critical for resin-modified cements Water out: is critical for two weeks
37
How we do protect our GIC after placement?
Use of vaseline, G coat or cocobutter, they give resistance to water uptake and loss
38
How does GIC bond?
Ionic exchange - may only occur in the presence of water (hydrophillic)
39
What is the smear layer?
Something the practitioners makes while prepping, enamel dentin, bacteria. Never etch the tooth because it will reduce potential ion exchange
40
What is the placement of GIC?
- Prepare cavity - Apply 10% polyacrylic acid, wash for 20 sec - Wash/air for 10 - Lightly dry, don't desiccate (dehydrate) - Syringe GI in immediately
41
What are the advantages of GIC?
Biocompatability Resistant to plaque F- Release Ease of handling
42
What are the disadvantages of GIC?
Short working time and long setting time Cracking on desiccation Poor resistance on acid attack,
43
What are the indication for GIC?
``` Restorative material Temp rest Liner/base Cemet ```
44
What is the function of liners and bases?
1. Seals dentinal tubules 2. Reduces microleakage 3. Enhance retention 4. Reduce thermal shock
45
Define pathogensis
Sequence of events that occur during the development of disease
46
Define periodontology
Deals with the events that occur during perio
47
Define periodontal disease
Is a bacterial infection of the periodontium, there are 2 types: Gingivitis Periodontist
48
What is Gingivitis?
Inflammation of gingiva, swelling, redness, bleeding, plaque, calculus, pain, pseudopockets, halitosis
49
What are the types of gingivitis?
Acute gingivitis, Chronic Gingivitis
50
Describe gingivitis
The coronal portion of the JE detaches from the tooth resulting in a slight increase in probing depth, there is no apical migration of the JE. REVERSABLE
51
What are the 2 classifications of gingivitis?
Dental biofilm-induced | non-dental biofilm induced
52
Define periodontitis
A bacterial infection of all parts of the periodontium, including gingiva, PL, bone, cementum IRREVERSIBLE
53
What are the features of periodontitis?
Apical migration of the JE bone loss, connective tissue loss
54
What types of alveolar bone loss are evident?
Horizontal bone loss | Verticle bone loss
55
What is furcation involvment
Occurs when there is bone loss at the furcation of the tooth. Can measure with a nabers probe
56
What is CAL?
Clinical Attachment Loss
57
What does increasing depth of sulcus result in?
Apical migration of JE Periodontal ligament destruction Alveolar bone destruction
58
What are the types of peridontal boneloss?
1. Suprabony - horizontal bone loss | 2. Infrabony - verticle bone loss
59
Describe the disease sights
Active - continued progression of disease over time. | Inactive - progression has halted
60
What are the classifications of periodontitis?
1. Necrotitising periodontal disease 2. Periodontitis 3. Periodontitis as a result of systemic disease
61
What influences homeostasis in the Oral cavity?
1. Reduction in pH 2. Demineralisation 3. Saliva 4. Remineralisation
62
What is the Stephan curve?
The response to changes plaque pH, (7)
63
What acid does bacteria produce?
Lactid acid = Pyruvic acid
64
What is the critical pH?
5.5pH demineralisation can occur
65
What happens during pH rise?
Saliva rebuffers, counteracting the acid environment
66
What is dental caries chemicaly?
If equilibrium between remineralisation is disrupted to favour demineralisation
67
Define dental caries
Defined as a continuing chronic loss of mineral ions from the tooth due to the presence of cariogenic bacteria in plaque biofilm and their by-products
68
Describe the pathogenesis of caries
Acidodenic bacteria in the plaque biofilm metabolise fermentable carbs to produce lactic acid, which results in decrease of pH below 5.5 begins demineralisation
69
What factors can impact oral health?
Individual factors, influenced by behavioural factors, = socio-economic, environment, social determent to health
70
What bacteria are in the Plaque Biolfilm?
Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus and lactobacillus
71
Define Acidogenic
Capable of rapidly concerning sugar to acid
72
Define Acidoduric
Capable of withstanding low-pH conditions
73
What is the ecological plaque hypothesis?
Oral environment plays an important role in determining composition and properties of place, caries can be described as a disturbance in homeostasis of the oral microflora
74
What is the direct effect of diet on OH?
Fermentable carbs - composed of sugar molecules | Monosaccharides, glucose and fructose; disaccharides
75
What influences sugar in the diet?
1. Concentration of sugar 2. Frequency of exposure 3. Type of sugar
76
What are the protective factors for caries?
1. Saliva 2. Fluoride 3. Optimal OH
77
What is an instrumentation stroke?
Act of mocing the working-end against the tooth surface - calculus removal strokes - exploratory strokes
78
What is the stroke direction of instrumentation ?
Coronal direction away from the soft tissue
79
What stroke directions are there?
Horizontal Vertical Oblique
80
Where do you use vertical strokes in the mouth?
On anterior teeth on facial, lingual, and proximal surfaces. | On posterior mesial and distal
81
Where do you use oblique strokes?
Facial and lingual surfaces of posterior teeth.
82
Where do you use horizontal strokes?
Narrow root surfaces of anterior teeth. Used at line angles of posterior teeth. Can use in furcation areas, in deep pockets
83
What are the three times of instrumentations strokes?
Assessment stroke Root debriefment stroke Calculus removal stroke
84
Describe the assessment stroke
Used to evaluate tooth surfaces, used with explorers to detect calc
85
Describe the function of calculus removal stroke
Used to lift calculus deposits off the tooth, used with curets and sickle scalers
86
Describe the function of root debridement stroke
Used to remove residual calc deposits, bacterial plaque and by products, root surfaces that are exposed, perio pockets
87
What are the methods for caries detection?
``` Visual methods Tactile method Radiographs Trans-lumination Dyes Electronic detection ```
88
What are some prerequisites for clinical detection of caries?
Good lighting 2. Clean tooth 3. sharp eye 4. Correct instruments
89
Describe smooth surface non cavitated caries
Earliest demineralisation, white spot lesion, appears chalky and matte
90
Describe smooth cavitated surface caries
Visual breakdown of a tooth surface
91
What is approximal surface caries?
Smooth surface caries, interproximal space, us e BWs
92
What colour is active non-cavitated lesion?
White
93
What colour is inactive non-cavitated lesion?
Brown
94
What is root caries?
Located on the root surface of the tooth, may appear yellow (dentine). Arrest root caries is darker in colour
95
Define acute caries
Rapid progessing, lighter in colour, associated with pulp/inflammation
96
Define chronic cariesL
Longstanding, darking in colour, pain may not be common due to dentine protective mechanisims
97
Define arrest caries
Usually apear brown or place, this is due to metalic ions and trapped organic debris
98
What is ICDAS II?
Plaque removed, assess each tooth wet and dry 5 seconds, inspect tooth again
99
Describe ICDAS II
``` First digit (0-8) describes tooth surface restoration history. Second digit (0-9) describes coronal caries stage ```

DOH100 Clinical practice and theory (13 decks)

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