W3b - Sensory Contributions Flashcards
The effectiveness with which a performer processes various forms of sensory information often determines overall performance level.Provide three examples.
Judo, gymnast, surgeon
Being able to detect and process sensory information well produce performance gain. What are the two major sources of sensory information?
Exteroception provides information to the processing system about the state of the environment in which one’s body exists, and proprioception provides information about the state of the body itself.
What is the difference between inherent and augmented feedback?
“inherent” means that the information is directly available to the performer and is available “naturally” through the senses. augmented feedback—information about which the performer is not
“normally” aware; this is “extra” information provided by an external source. An example is a video that shows a person performing a skill.
What are the two major kinds of exteroceptive information?
Seeing & hearing
Name at least 4 of the body’s structure which help in the detection of the body’s movement?
Vestibular apparatus, joint receptors, muscle spindles, golgi tendon organs and cutaneous receptors
What is a closed loop model and how does it relate to the processing of sensory information?
Where the loop from the executive to the effector and back to the executive again is completely “closed” by sensory information, or feedback, forming a “loop” that supports the mechanism in regulating the system to achieve a particular goal.
What four parts do all closed loop systems have?
All closed-loop control systems have four distinct parts:
1. An executive for decision making about errors
2. An effector system for carrying out the decisions
3. A reference of correctness against which the feedback is compared to
define an error
4. An error signal, which is the information acted on by the executive
What is the conceptual model of movement control and how do closed loop processes fit within it?
Where closed loop processes are added to the stages of information processing to provide a more complete model of human motor performance. closed-loop control processes are most relevant to tasks that are relatively slow or have a long duration in time.
Name 2 limitations of the closed loop system
Doesn’t respond quickly to changes, or where movement is required quickly. However, with the aid of reflexive proprioceptive mechanisms, actions can be modified quickly and automatically to help goal achievement in a closed loop manner
What are the two visual systems that help with human fn?
dorsal stream and the ventral stream because of their anatomical distinctions
What is blindsight?
Blindsight is usually defined a medical condition in which the person can respond to visual stimuli without consciously perceiving them (Luke Skywalker?)
What is Dorsal Stream Movement Control?
Information that is used specifically for the control of movement within the visual environment is sent to the posterior parietal cortex via the dorsal stream. optical flow provides numerous important kinds of information about the cyclist’s movement through the environment, such as
time before a collision between the cyclist and an object, direction of movement relative to objects in the environment, movement of environmental objects relative to the cyclist, stability and balance of the cyclist, and velocity of movement through the environment.
What is Ventral Stream Movement Control?
Information useful for the identification of an object is sent to the inferotemporal cortex via the ventral stream. Object identification, via the ventral stream, plays a crucial role in movement planning before the initiation of an action. Stimulus ID and response selection. For example, which grip you would use to pick up each object. For the juice glass (object a), a full-hand grip is needed. A four-finger grip is needed for the beer mug (object b), but a thumb-and-finger grip is appropriate for the teacup (object c). The pen (object d) is usually picked up with a precision grip if the performer intends to use it to write something. However, if the performer intends to use the pen as a tool, say, to stab a cardboard box, then a power grip would be used.
How does vision assist movement control?
Direction of movement of objects; Balance’ Time to contact information
How does vision fit into the conceptual model?
Dorsal Movement Stream influence the model in a similar way to the reflexive proprioceptive mechanisms stated earlier
