W3 Mono/Polysacchrides

Question 1

what are carbohydrates primarily used for

Answer 1

most common energy source

Question 2

what are carbs made of

Answer 2

C
H
O2

Question 3

whats the ratio of C,H,O in carbs

Answer 3

1:2:1

Question 4

what are the 3 monosacchrides

Answer 4

glucose (a/b)
galactose
fructose

Question 5

what are the 3 disacchrides

Answer 5

maltose
lactose
sucrose

Question 6

what are the monosacchrides for maltose

Answer 6

alpha glucose + alpha glucose

Question 7

what are the monosacchrides for lactose

Answer 7

beta galactose + beta glucose

Question 8

what are the monosacchrides for sucrose

Answer 8

beta fuctose + alpha glucose

Question 9

what is an 20 bond oligosacchride

Answer 9

maltosetriose

Question 10

what bond is formed in maltosetriose

Answer 10

alpha 1-4 bonds

Question 11

what is a monopolysacchride

Answer 11

starch

Question 12

what are the bonds formed in starch

Answer 12

1,6 glycosidic bonds

Question 13

what is unbranched starch with 1,4 glycosidic bonds called

Answer 13

amylose

Question 14

what is branched starch with 1,4 + 1,6 glycosidic bonds called

Answer 14

amylopectin

Question 15

what is glycogen made of and used for

Answer 15

alpha glucoses with amylose and amylopectin
storage molecules of glucose

Question 16

what are 2 heteropolysacchride

Answer 16

dextran
cellulose

Question 17

what bonds are formed in dextran

Answer 17

alpha 1,3 + 1,6 bonds

Question 18

what is cellulose made of

Answer 18

stacks of beta glucoses

Question 19

what bonds are formed in cellulose

Answer 19

beta 1,4 bonds

Question 20

why do nucelophiles attack carbs

Answer 20

due to C=O group acting as an electrophile

Question 21

what is formed when the nucleophile in a carb reaction is H2O

Answer 21

aldehyde hydrate

Question 22

what is formed when the nucleophile in a carb reaction is OH

Answer 22

hemiacetal

Question 23

under intramolecular conditions what are hemiacetals able to form

Answer 23

cyclical hemiacetals

Question 24

what forms when 4,5 OH groups are used as nucelophiles

Answer 24

furanose

Question 25

what forms when 5,6 OH groups are used as nucelophiles

Answer 25

pyranose

Question 26

what type of reaction form hemiacetals

Answer 26

equillibruim reaction

Question 27

how is glycogen able to store so much glucose

Answer 27

highly branched

Question 28

what does a swiggly line mean on a molecule

Answer 28

the position of a functional group doesnt matter since reaction still happens

Question 29

what % of amylose and amylopectin

Answer 29

amylose = 20% amylopectin = 80%

Question 30

what is the use of less reducing ends

Answer 30

stability