W24/L2: Drug effects on hypothal-pituitary axis Flashcards
Which hormones stimulate GH release?
Ghrelin
GHRH
Which hormone decreases GH release
Somatostatin
IGF-1 release is stimulated by which hormone?
GH
GH stands for
Growth hormone
GHRH stands for
GH releasing hormone
What’s another name for GH?
Somatotropin
IGF-1 stands for
Insulin-like growth factor-1
What is Laron dwarfism cause by?
GH insensitivity
How can Laron dwarfism be treated?
With IGF-1
What are the side effects of IGF-1?
Possibly bulking (used in weight lifters)
Sometimes hypoglycaemia
What disease does a person with too much GH have?
Acromegaly
WHat treatment options are there for acromegally?
Tumour removal - if that’s the cause of the excessive GH
Reduce GH release via somatostatin analogues or dopamine agonists
Inhibit GH action with a GH antagonist
What is pegvisomant?
A PEGylated GH antagonist
Why is somatostatin itself not a good therapeutic for acromegaly?
It has a very short half-life
How do we give somatositatin analogues resistance to metabolism/excretion?
Incorporating “unnatural” AAs into their structure
What are some somatostatin analogues?
Octretide
Lanreotide
Why does pegylation decrease affinity of GH for the GH-R?
Pegylation occurs at lysines, and there are two lysines in the binding site 1.
How can we protect the thalamus against radioactive iodine?
By dosing with stable iodine - which competes for uptake.
What is carbimazole?
A thioamine - inhibits thyroid peroxidase
What’s the most common hypothyroid syndrome?
Hashimotos
What’s liothyronine?
A T3 analogue
What’s thyroxine?
A T4 analogue
What can a rapid rise in thyroxine levels cause?
Tachycardia
- as it’s sympathomimetic
What is octretide?
A somatostatin analogue made with “unnatural AA’s”
What’s lanreotide
A somatostatin analogue made with “unnatural AA’s”
