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HEMATOLOGY PPT (3rd year) > W2 > Flashcards

W2 Flashcards

1
Q

RBC: NUCLEUS

A

ANUCLEATE

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2
Q

RBC: SHAPE

A

BICONCAVE/DISCOID

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3
Q

RBC CONTAINS REDDISH PROTEIN CALLED

A

HEMOGLOBIN

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4
Q

RBC: COLOR AND SIZE

A

SALMON PINK, 7-8MM

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5
Q

RBC: ZONE OF PALLOR

A

1/3 OF CENTER

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6
Q

LOSS OF OXYGEN CARRYING CAPACITY

DECREASED RBC COUNT
DECREASED RBC HEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION

A

ANEMIA

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7
Q

INCREASED RBC COUNT CAUSING HYPERVISCOCITY

INCREASED RBC COUNT
INCREASED RBC MASS

A

POLYCTHEMIA

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8
Q

RELIES ON DRABKIN REAGENT

A

HEMOGLOBIN

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9
Q

WEAK SOLUTION OF POTASSIUM CYANIDE AND POTASSIUM FERRICYANIDE

USED FOR MEASUREMENT OF HEMOGLOBIN

A

DRABKIN REAGENT

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10
Q

RATIO OF THE VOLUME OF PACKED RBCS TO VOLUME OF WHOLE BLOOD

A

HEMATOCRIT

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11
Q

NORMAL RATIO OF HCT

A

50%

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12
Q

HCT IS ALSO CALLED

A

PACKED CELL VOLUME/ PCV

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13
Q

IT IS EXCLUDED FROM HCT DETERMINATION

A

BUFFY COAT

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14
Q

THIS IS USED TO EVALUATE AND CLASSIFY VARIOUS TYPES OF ANEMIAS ACCORDING TO RBC INDICES

A

HEMATOCRIT/PCV

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15
Q

THE PERCENTAGE OF RBC IN A VOLUME OF WHOLE BLOOD

A

HEMATOCRIT

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16
Q

USES RBC COUNT, HGB AND HCT

-MEAN CELL VOLUME/MCV
-MEAN CELL HEMOGLOBIN/MCH
-MEAN CELL HEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION/MCHC

A

RBC INDICES

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17
Q

RBC INDICES

A
  1. MCV
  2. MCH
    3.MCHC
    4.RDW
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18
Q

MCV IS RECORDED IN WHAT UNIT

A

FEMTOLITERS (fL)

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19
Q

RBC INDICES THAT REFLECTS THE RBC DIAMETER ON A WRIGHT STAINED BLOOD FILM

A

MCV

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20
Q

MCHC IS RECORDED IN WHAT UNIT

A

GRAMS PER DECILITER (g/dL)

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21
Q

RBC INDICES THAT REFLECTS THE RBC STAINING INTENSITY

A

MCHC

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22
Q

RBC INDICES THAT REFLECTS THE RBCs CENTRAL PALLOR

A

MCHC

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23
Q

MCH IS RECORDED IN WHAT UNIT

A

PICOGRAMS (pg)

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24
Q

RBC INDICES THAT EXPRESSES THE MASS OF HEMOGLOBIN PER CELL

A

MCH

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25
Q

RBC INDICES THAT PARALLELS THE MCHC

A

MCH

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26
Q

4TH RBC INDEX

A

RDW

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27
Q

RBC INDICES THAT EXPRESSES THE DEGREE OF VARIATION IN RBC VOLUME

A

RDW

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28
Q

EXTREME RBC VOLUME VARIABILITY IN DIAMETER

A

ANISOCYTOSIS

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29
Q

RDW IS BASED ON THE - OF RBC

A

STANDARD DEVIATION

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30
Q

0.5-2.5% OF RBCS THAT EXCEED THE 7-8 AVE DIAMETER

BLUE GRAY COLOR

A

POLYCHROMATIC ERYTHROCYTES/ RETICULOCYTES

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31
Q

THESE ARE NEWLY RELEASED FROM THE RBC PRODUCTION SITE

A

POLYCHROMATIC ERYTHROCYTES/ RETICULOCYTES

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32
Q

INDICATES THE ABILITY OF THE BONE MARROW TO INCREASE RBC PRODUCTION IN ANEMIA CAUSED BY BLOOD LOSS OR EXCESSIVE RBC DESTRUCTION

A

POLYCHROMATIC ERYTHROCYTES/ RETICULOCYTES

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33
Q

USUALLY FROM BM OR LYMPHOID TISSUE DEDICATED TO PROTECT HOST

NEARLY COLORLESS

A

LEUKOCYTES

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34
Q

DECREASED WBC COUNT

A

LEUKOPENIA

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35
Q

INCREASED WBC COUNT

A

LEUKOCYTOSIS

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36
Q

PHAGOCYTIC CELLS, SEGMENTED/MULTI-LOBED NUCLEI

A

NEUTROPHILS

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37
Q

INCREASE IN NEUTROPHILS= BACTERIAL INFECTION

A

NEUTROPHILIA

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38
Q

DECREASE IN NEUTROPHILS= MEDICATIONS/ VIRAL INFECTIONS

A

NEUTROPENIA

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39
Q

ROUND WITH BRIGHT ORANGE-RED CYTOPLASMIC GRANULES

A

EOSINOPHILS

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40
Q

ELEVATED EOSINOPHILS= ALLERGY/PARASITIC INFECTION

A

EOSINOPHILIA

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41
Q

DARK PURPLE, IRREGULAR CYTOPLASMIC GRANULES THAT OBSCURE THE NUCLEUS

A

BASOPHILS

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42
Q

WBC WHICH ITS GRANULES CONTAIN HISTAMINES

A

BASOPHILS

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43
Q

ELEVATED BASOPHILS= HEMATOLOGIC DISEASE

A

BASOPHILIA

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44
Q

RPUND, SLIGHTLY LARGER THAN RBCS NONGRANULAR CYTOPLASM

A

LYMPHOCYTES

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45
Q

ELEVATED LYMPHOCYTES=VIRAL INFECTIONS

A

LYMPHOCYTOSIS

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46
Q

LOW LYMPHOCYTES=DRUG THERAPY/IMMUNODEFICIENCY

A

LYMPHOCYTOPENIA

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47
Q

IMMATURE MACROPHAGE PASSING THE BLOOD

A

MONOCYTE

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48
Q

SLIGHTLY LARGER DIAMETER THAN OTHER WBCS

NUCLEUS: INDENTED/FOLDED

A

MONOCYTE

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49
Q

ELEVATED MONOCYTES=INFECTION/INFLAMMATION

A

MONOCYTOSIS

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50
Q

INCREASE IN WBC ABOVE THE LIMIT

A

LEUKOCYTOSIS

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51
Q

DECREASE IN WBC BELOW THE NORMAL LIMIT

A

LEUKOPENIA

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52
Q

DUE TO
-VIRAL INFECTIONS
-TYPHOID FEVER
-MALARIA
-RAD THERAPY

A

LEUKOPENIA

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53
Q

2-4MM IN DIAMETER
ROUND/OVAL
ANUCLEATE

A

PLATELETS

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54
Q

PLATELTS ALSO REFERRED TO AS

A

CELL FRAGMENTS

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55
Q

TRUE BLOOD CELLS THAT MAINTAIN VESSEL INTEGRITY BY INITIATING VESSEL WALL REPAIRS

A

PLATELETS/THROMBOCYTES

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56
Q

MAJOR CELLS THAT CONTROL HEMOSTASIS

A

PLATELETS/THROMBOCYTES

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57
Q

SERIES OF CELLULAR AND PLASMA-BASED MECHANISMS THAT SEAL WOUNDS

A

HEMOSTASIS

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58
Q

ELEVATED PLATELET COUNT=INFLAMMATION/TRAUMA

A

THROMBOCYTOSIS

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59
Q

LOW PLATELET COUNT=DRUG TREATMENT-LIFE THREATENING

A

THROMBOCYTOPENIA

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60
Q

EASY BRUISING AND UNCONTROLLED HEMORRHAGE

A

THROMBOCYTOPENIA

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61
Q

PROCESS THAT ARE EMPLOYED TO DOCUMENT VALIDITY

A

QUALITY CONTROL

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62
Q

SYSTEM THAT VERIFIES RELIABILITY OF ANALYTICAL TEST RESULTS

A

QUALITY CONTROL

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63
Q

INSTITUTION, COMPREHENSIVE PROGRAM IN ALL AREAS

TO ENSURE QUALITY

A

QUALITY SYSTEMS

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64
Q

PRE ANA, ANA, POST ANA VARIABLES

A

QUALITY ASSURANCE

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65
Q

PROGRAM THAT MONITORS TOTAL TESTING PROCESS

A

QUALITY ASSURANCE

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66
Q

STANDARD EXPRESSION OF CENTRAL TENDENCY

A

MEAN

66
Q

DATA POINT THAT SEPARATES UPPER HALF FROM LOWER HALF DATA SERIES

A

MEDIAN

67
Q

ROBUST EXPRESSION OF CENTRAL TENDENCY

A

MEDIAN

68
Q

DATA POINT THAT APPEARS MOST OFTEN

A

MODE

69
Q

NOT A TRUE MEASURE OF CENTRAL TENDENCY

A

MODE

70
Q

EXPRESSES THE DEVIATION OF EACH DATA POINT FROM ITS EXPECTED VALUE

A

VARIANCE

71
Q

NORMALIZED EXPRESSION OF SD

UNIT EXPRESSION= %

A

COEFFICIENT OF VARIANCE
CV%

72
Q

MOST COMMONLY USED MEASURE OF DISPERSION IN LABORATORY MEDICINE

A

CV%

73
Q

COMMONLY USED MEASURE OF DISPERSION- SQUARE ROOT OF THE VARIANCE

A

STANDARD DEVIATION

74
Q

AN ACTIVITY COMPRISED OF PROCEDURES TO DETERMINE

ACCURACY
SPECIFICITY
PRECISION
LIMITS
LINEARITY

A

VALIDATION

75
Q

VALIDATION:

AGREEMENT BETWEEN AN ASSAY VALUE

TRUE VALUE

A

ACCURACY

76
Q

VALIDATION:

EASY TO DEFINE BUT DIFFICULT TO ESTABLISH AND MAINTAIN

A

ACCURACY

77
Q

VALIDATION:

EXPRESSION OF REPRODUCIBILITY OR DISPERSION

OFTEN EXPRESSED AS SD OR CV%

A

PRECISION

78
Q

VALIDATION:

RELATIVELY EASY TO MEASURE AND MAINTAIN

A

PRECISION

79
Q

VALIDATION:

ABILITY TO GENERATE RESULTS PROPORTIONAL TO THE CALCULATED CONCENTRATION OR ACTIVTY

A

LINEARITY

80
Q

MEASURE OF THE SMALLEST INCREMENT OF THE ANALYTE THAT CAN BE DISTINGUISHED BY THE ASSAY

A

ANALYTICAL SENSITIVITY

81
Q

THE ABILITY OF THE ASSAY TO DISTINGUISH THE ANALYTE FROM INTERFERING SUBSTANCES

A

ANALYTICAL SPECIFICITY

82
Q

ASSAY CORRECTLY IDENTIFIES A DISEASE OR CONDITION IN THOSE WHO HAVE IT

A

TRUE POSITIVE

83
Q

ASSAY INCORRECTLY INDENTIFIES DISEASE OR CONDITION WHEN NONE IS PRESENT

A

FALSE POSITIVE

84
Q

ASSAY CORRECTLY EXCLUDES A DISEASE OR CONDITION IN THOSE WITHOUT IT

A

TRUE NEGATIVE

85
Q

ASSAY INCORRECTLY EXCLUDES A DISEASE OR CONDITION WHEN IT IS PRESENT

A

FALSE NEGATIVE

86
Q

INDV : UNAFFACTED
ASSAY: NEGATIVE

A

TRUE NEGATIVE

87
Q

INDV : UNAFFACTED
ASSAY: POSITIVE

A

FALSE POSITIVE

88
Q

INDV : AFFACTED
ASSAY: NEGATIVE

A

FALSE NEGATIVE

89
Q

INDV : AFFACTED
ASSAY: POSITIVE

A

TRUE POSITIVE

90
Q

AMOUNT OF SAMPLE NEEDED:

1ML AND ABOVE

A

MACRO

91
Q

AMOUNT OF SAMPLE NEEDED:

0.1-0.9 ML

A

MICRO

92
Q

AMOUNT OF SAMPLE NEEDED:

0.01-0.09 ML

A

ULTRAMICRO

93
Q

AMOUNT OF SAMPLE NEEDED:

0.001-0.009 ML

A

NANOLITER

94
Q

USED IN MICRO,ULTRAMICRO,NANOLITER METHOD

A

CAPILLARY P.
SKIN P.
PRICK METHOD

95
Q

MAY CONTAIN TISSUE FLUIDS

SAMPLE IS A MIXTURE OF BLOOD FROM ARTERIOLES, VENULES AND CAPILLARIES

A

CAPILLARY P.
SKIN P.
PRICK METHOD

96
Q

CAPILLARY P.
SKIN P.
PRICK METHOD

SITE: LATERAL OR MEDIAL PLANTAR HEEL SURFACE

A

INFANTS <1YO

97
Q

CAPILLARY P.
SKIN P.
PRICK METHOD

SITE: RING/GREAT FINGER, HEEL, EARLOBE

A

CHILDREN

98
Q

RECOMMENDED SITE FOR ARTERIAL BLOOD
CAPILLARY P.
SKIN P.
PRICK METHOD

A

EARLOBE

99
Q

CAPILLARY P.
SKIN P.
PRICK METHOD

SITE: PALMAR SURFACE OF THE RING AND MIDDLE FINGER

A

ADULTS

100
Q

PUNCTURE ON THE FINGER SHOULD BE MADE – TO THE FINGERPRINT LINES

A

PERPENDICULAR

101
Q

OFTEN PREFFED BLOOD COLLECTION METJOD FOR GERIATRIC PATIENTS

A

CAPILLARY P.
SKIN P.
PRICK METHOD

102
Q

HEEL PUNCTURES IN INFANTS SHOULD NOT BE MADE MORE THAN – DEEP

A

2MM DEEP

103
Q

ORDER OF DRAW FOR CAPILLARY SPECIMENS

A
  1. BLOOD GASES
  2. EDTA TUBES
  3. OTHER ADDITIVE MICROTAINERS
  4. SERUM

BEDS- SA ‘BED’ NA PPRICK

104
Q

USED IN MACROMETHOD

MOST COMMONLY USED METHOD

A

VENIPUNCTURE

105
Q

DEOXYGENATED BLOOD; DARK RED

A

VENOUS BLOOD

106
Q

TOURNIQUET MUST BE – INCHES ABOVE THE VENI SITE

A

3-4 INCHES

107
Q

TOURNIQUET MUST BE LEFT ON FOR NO LONGER THAN - BEFORE VENI

A

1MIN

108
Q

TOURNIQUET

  • OVER -
A

LEFT OVER RIGHT

109
Q

GAUGE OF NEEDLE IS – PROPORTIONAL TO BORE SIZE

A

INVERSELY

110
Q

NEEDLE RANGE FOR DRAWING BLOOD

A

19-23

111
Q

GAUGE USED MOST COMMON IN NEEDLE SIZE

A

21 GAUGE

112
Q

NEEDLE LENGTH IN VENIPUNCTURE

A

1.0-1.5INCHES

113
Q

NEEDLE GAUGE= COLOR

18

A

PINK

114
Q

NEEDLE GAUGE= COLOR

19

A

BROWN/IVORY

115
Q

NEEDLE GAUGE= COLOR

20

A

YELLOW

116
Q

NEEDLE GAUGE= COLOR

21

A

GREEN

117
Q

NEEDLE GAUGE= COLOR

22

A

BLACK

118
Q

NEEDLE GAUGE= COLOR

23

A

BLUE/ BLUE-GREEN

119
Q

ADDITIVES:

HASTENS CLOTTING FACTOR

A

CLOT ACTIVATORS

120
Q

ADDITIVES:

PREVENTS BLOOD FROM CLOTTING= ANTICOAGULANTS

A
  1. EDTA
  2. HEPARIN
  3. CITRATE

CHE- ‘CHE’ AYOKO NGA NANG CLOUT/CLOT

121
Q

ADDITIVES:

INHIBITS METABOLISM OF GLUCOSE

A

ANTIGLYCOLYTIC AGENT

NaF

122
Q

ADDITIVES:

INERT MATERIAL THAT CHANGE IN VISCOSITY

A

SEPARATOR GEL

123
Q

STOPPER

ALLOWS BLOOD CLOT IN SERUM

A

RED=0

124
Q

STOPPER

CC,IS,BB

A

RED=0

125
Q

STOPPER

ALLOWS BLOOD CLOT IN SERUM WITH BARRIER

USED IN CC

A

GRAY RED=5

126
Q

STOPPER

BINDS Ca+/ CHELATES CALCIUM

VERSENE

A

LAVANDER=8

127
Q

STOPPER

ACCELERATES CLOT FORMATION RESULTING IN SERUM

THROMBIN

A

ORANGE=8

128
Q

STOPPER

BINDS Ca+

SODIUM CITRATE

A

BLUE=3-4

129
Q

STOPPER

COAG FACTORS
APTT, PT
THROMBIN TIME

A

BLUE=3-4

130
Q

STOPPER

INHIBITS GLYCOLYTIC ENZYME= ENOLASE

INTERFERES

A

NA FLUORIDE/ K OXALATE
GRAY=8

131
Q

STOPPER

INHIBITS GLYCOLYTIC ENZYME= GLYCERALDEHYDE

WILL NOT INTERFERE

A

IODACETATE]
GRAY=8

132
Q

STOPPER

GLUCOSE OGTT/ LACTATE

A

GRAY=8

133
Q

STOPPER

INHIBITS THROMBIN

HEPARIN

A

GREEN=8

134
Q

STOPPER

BINDS CALCIUM

BUFFERED SODIUM CITRATE

A

BLACK=3-4

135
Q

STOPPER

WESTERGREN ESR

A

BLACK=3-4

136
Q

SITES OF COLLECTION

ROLLS AND BRUISES EASILY
TOUGHER TO PUNCTURE

A

CEPHALIC

137
Q

SITES OF COLLECTION

VEIN TENDS TO ROLL MORE EASILY

A

BASILIC

138
Q

SITES OF COLLECTION

WELL ANCHORED, GOOD BLOOD FLOW, BRUISES LESS EASILY

A

MEDIAN CUBITAL

FEMORAL
WRIST
DORSAL PORTION OF HANDS

139
Q

METHODS OF VENI

USED FROR BLOOD COLL ONLY

A

SYRINGE

140
Q

METHODS OF VENI

USED FOR BLOOD COLL
STORAGE
MULTIPLE DRAWS

A

VACUTAINER

141
Q

METHODS OF VENI

COLLECTING SPX FROM CHILDREN
DIFFICULT TO DRAW BLOOD

A

BUTTERFLY

142
Q

MOST WIDELT USED SYSTEM FOR COLLECTING VENOUS SAMPLES

A

EVACUATED BLOOD COLLECTION

143
Q

LAVANDER
PLASTIC

A

K2 EDTA

144
Q

LAVANDER
GLASS

A

K3 EDTA

145
Q

PINK
PLASTIC

A

K2 EDTA

146
Q

GREEN

A

HEPARIN

147
Q

LIGHT BLUE/CLEAR

A

BUFFERED SODIUM CITRATE

148
Q

K2 EDTA WITH GEL

A

WHITE

149
Q

USES DOUBLE POINTED NEEDLE

A

VACUTAINER

150
Q

ORDER OF DRAW: MULTIPLE EVACUATED TUBES (7)

A

1.YELLOW
2.BLUE
3.RED
4.GREEN
5.LAVANDER
6.WHITE
7.GRAY

‘YOU BETTER REMEMBER GIRLS LOVE WORKING GUYS’

151
Q

ANGLE USED IN VENIPUNCTURE

A

15-30DEGREES

152
Q

COMPLICATIONS: IMMEDIATE LOCAL

PROLONGED TOURNIQUET

A

HEMOCONCENTRATION

153
Q

COMPLICATIONS: IMMEDIATE LOCAL

EXCESSIVE PULL OF PLUNGER= COLLAPSE

TRANSFIXATION

A

FAILURE OF BLOOD TO ENTER

154
Q

COMPLICATIONS: IMMEDIATE LOCAL

EXTRAVASATIONS
CLOTTED BLOOD

LEAKAGE OF LARGE AMOUNT OF FLUID IN PUNCTURE SITE

A

HEMATOMA

155
Q

COMPLICATIONS: IMMEDIATE LOCAL

DISTURBANCES TO BLOOD COLLECTION- BEYOND CONTROL

A

CIRCULATORY FAILURE

156
Q

COMPLICATIONS: IMMEDIATE LOCAL

EMOTIONAL ANXIETY

A

SYNCOPE/FAINTING

157
Q

COMPLICATIONS: IMMEDIATE LOCAL

MOST COMMON COMPLICATION IN OBTAINING BLOOD

LEAKAGE OF SMALL AMOUNT FLUID

A

ECCHYMOSIS/BRUISE

158
Q

COMPLICATIONS

  1. THROMBOSIS
  2. THROMBOPHEBITIS
A

LOCAL DELAYED
LATE LOCAL

159
Q

COMPLICATIONS

  1. SERUM HEPATITIS
  2. AIDS
A

GENERAL DELAYED
LATE GENERAL

160
Q

COMPLICATION: LATE LOCAL

PERSISTENCE OF CLOT
SEVERAL VENI AT SAME SITE

A

THROMBOSIS

161
Q

COMPLICATION: LATE LOCAL

RESULT OF INFECTION

A

THROMBOPHLEBITIS

162
Q

COMPLICATION: LATE GENERAL

TRANSMISSION OF VIRUS BY CONTAMINATED NEEDLES AND SYRINGES

A

HEPATITIS/AIDS

HEMATOLOGY PPT (3rd year) (5 decks)

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