W11 Flashcards
Define Energy
A property of objects that can be transferred from one object to another, and that cannot be created or destroyed
Define Phototroph
An organism that captures energy from sunlight
Define Chemotroph
An organism that derives its energy directly from carbon based molecules such as glucose
Define Autotroph
Any organism that is able to convert carbon dioxide into glucose, thus providing its own organic source of carbon
Define Heterotroph
An organism that obtains its carbon from organic molecules synthesized by other organisms
Define metabolism
The chemical reactions occurring within cells that convert molecules into other molecules and transfer energy in living organisms.
What are the two branches of metabolism?
- Catabolism
- Anabolism
Define catabolism
The set of chemical reactions that break down molecules into smaller units and, in the process, produces ATP to meet the energy needs of the cell.
Define anabolism
The set of chemical reactions that build molecules from smaller units utilizing an input of energy, usually in the form of ATP. Anabolic reactions result in net energy storage within cells and the organism.
What does a catabolic reaction release?
ATP and H2O
Define Energy
The capacity to do work
What is kinetic energy?
The energy of motion
What is potential energy?
Stored energy that is released by a change in an object’s structure or position.
Energy can be converted from one form to another, True or False?
True
What is chemical energy?
Chemical energy is a form of potential energy that is held in the chemical bonds between pairs of atoms in a molecule
What type of configuration would have a low potential energy?
The more stable configuration
Why do covalent bonds require energy to break?
Because it would be going from a lower energy state to a high energy state
