W1: Workshop Flashcards
Define Antibiotics & provide an example
Helps to fight infection
Penicilin & Ceftriaxone
Define steroid or anti-inflammatory & provide an example
Reduces the inflammatory response
Hydrocortisone & aspirin
Define inotropes & provide an example
Increases blood pressure either by enhancing contractility of the heart or causing widespread vasoconstriction
Adrenaline, dobutamine or noradrenaline
Define anti-arrhythmia & provide an example
Stabilises cardiac muscle to control abnormal rhythms
Amiodarone
Define bronchodilators & provide an example
Relax the smooth muscles of the airways
Salbutamol, ventolin, bricanyl (& frusemide)
Define anti-emetics & provide an example
Reduce nausea and vomiting
Maxalon & Ondansetron
Define anti-hypertensive & provide an example
Reduce blood pressure through vasodilation
Catopril & Metoprolol
Define anti-coagulant and provide an example
Reduces the clotting levels of blood
Heparin, warfarin & aspirin
Define analgesic and provide an example
Impacts the reception of pain signals
Morphine, fentanyl, oxycodone & endone
Define sedative and provide an example
Reduces the alertness of a patient, often used in conjunction with analgesia
Midazolam & Diazepam
Define anti-mucolytic & provide an example
Breaks down proteins in sputum, which reduces the viscosity (thickness) of sputum and aids in its clearance.
Pulmozyme
Define diuretic and provide an example
Causes increased in urine production to reduce total body fluid load.
Lasix & Frusemide
What are the main markers for blood count?
Haemoglobin
WBC
Haematocrit
Red cell count
C Reactive protein
Neutrophils
What is haemoglobin? At what level may a patient require a blood transfusion? What if HB is low? Symptoms of low HB?
Carries oxygen
< 80 = blood transfusion
Heart has to work harder to meet 02 demands
Pale skin, dizzy, lightheaded, fatigue, low endurance
What do white blood cells do?
Protect from infection (if high likely to indicate this eg pneumonia)
**Does not contraindicate PT but can impact how the patient is feeling eg fever, feeling unwell, tired or lethargic).
What is haematocrit? What can influence these levels?
Ratio of RBC to total blood volume
**Dehydration or fluid overload can impact this.
Low red cell count can indicate?
Anaemia or renal failure
C-reactive protein is a marker of what?
Infection
Changes in coagulation factors may contraindicate what?
Aggressive chest PT due to bleeding risk