W1: Prep

Question 1

White cell count: what does it indicate & high vs low conditions

Answer 1

High > 11 = leukocytosis
Low < 4 = Leukopenia
Low < 1.5 = Neutropenia

Indicates presence of infection, inflammation or allergens

Question 2

Haemoglobin: what does it indicate & high vs low conditions

Answer 2

High >16/17? = Polycythameia
Low = Anemia

Marker assesses anemia, blood loss, bone marrow suppression

Question 3

Hematocrit: what does it indicate & high vs low conditions (typical range?)

Answer 3

High = Polycythameia
Low = Anemia

Marker assesses blood loss and fluid balance (assesses RBC: TBV). Typical range is 35-55% (women typically lower than men)

Question 4

Troponin: what is it?

Answer 4

Released when cardiac injury occurs (6 hours after insult to 3 days), and they serve as the greatest use for diagnosing a myocardial infarction (> 0.10 ng/mL).

Question 5

Sodium: what does it indicate & high vs low conditions

Answer 5

High = hypernatremia
Low = hyponatremia

Marker is a primary determinant of extracellular fluid volume

Question 6

Calcium: what does it indicate & high vs low conditions

Answer 6

High = hypercalcemia
Low = hypocalcaemia

Marker is important for bone formation, cell division and growth, blood coagulation, muscle contraction and release of neurotransmitters (NV: (8.6-10.3)

Question 7

INR: ideal value?

Answer 7

RV: 0.8-1.2