VTE Flashcards
DVT?
Clot in a deep vein usually in the leg, partially or completely block blood flow
PE
Biggest concern when someone has VTE
This is a portion of a venous clot that breaks off and travels through the blood stream into the lungs and partially or completely blocks a pulmonary artery
Incidence of DVT and PE ____ each decade after age 50
almost doubles
First manifestations might be?
Post thrombotic syndrome
can be sudden death
Risk factors for developing a VTE?
- Age is a big factor risk doubling each decade after 50
- The strongest risk factor is having the hiighest risk 6 mo after VTE
- If someone is hospitalized for an extended period of time
- Anesthesia
- Paralysis
- Immobility
- Vascular injury like having a knee or hip replacement, pelvis fracture
- Cancer, pregnancy before and after
- Protein C or S defiviency
- Contraceptives with estrogens can increase risk.
- Estrogen replacement therapy
- SERMs- Tamoxifen, taloxifene
- HIT`
How do you know if someone has a DVT?
Leg pain, tenderness, swelling, warmth
Pain has nothing to do with size of clot
PE how to know?
- 90% of the time it has a complication with a DVT
- hard to diagnose
- Treat before you know there is a clot often.
PE signs and symptoms
non-specific and insensitive
Silent
- Cough, SOB, chest tightness, dizziness light headache if its a big one
PE signs
increased HR, high BR
sweating, blue discoloration
can have cardiogenic shock and dies fast
Diagnose VTE
- Look for symptoms
- search for risk factors
- Rapid diagnostic testing
- Lab- D-dimer
- Treat
- avoid treatment
Gold standard in DVT diagnosis?
Venography
What is commonly used in DVT diagnosis?
Ultrasound
Diagnosing a PE?
Treatment is the same as DVT?
Ventilation perfusion scan commonly used
yes
Long term consequences of having a VTE?
Recurrent VTE
Postthrombotic Syndrome- cause by the damage, pain, Sx are persistent
