VPH Flashcards
How many cattle are slaughtered per year in the UK?
2.5 million
How many cattle processing plants are there?
145
What are the two methods of stun slaughter?
- captive bolt
- electrical stunning
How is emergency slaughter carried out?
Free bullet
What are the two methods of ‘un-stunned’ slaughter?
Halal (19% non-stunned) and Jewish method
What steps in bovine processing are official control steps?
- antemortem inspection
7a. Inspection (Head inspection)
13a. Inspection (evisceration)
14a. Inspection (splitting)
How is the animal restrained?
Individually, moved into the box quickly, upon contact with the captive bolt the body will drop- means the captive bolt has worked- if done correctly it should work fast enough that the animal doesn’t even feel the captive bolt.
What must happen to the head for inspection?
has to be flayed
What is the greatest source of infection in the abattoir?
The animal’s own hide
What in bunging?
Stops faeces going everywhere
What is rodding?
For ruminants, the oesophagus needs to be sealed to prevent regurgitation
What is necessary to be removed from the animal?
The spinal cord, therefore carcass needs to be split down the spinal column to reveal this.
What temperature should offal be kept at?
3 degrees
The law doesn’t state how long it will take to get to this temperature but just that it shouldn’t go above this temperature
What temperature should the rest of the meat be kept at?
7 degrees
Annually how many sheep are slaughtered?
12 million
How many sheep processing plants are there?
153
What are the three main methods of stun slaughter?
- Captive bolt
- Head only electrical
- Head-to-body electrical (only 1 plant does this)
What are the other two methods of salughter?
Halal, majority stunned, Jewish= non-stunned
What are the Official control steps in Ovine processing?
- Antemortem
7a. Inspection (Head removal and dentition check)
11a. Inspection (Evisceration)
12a. Inspection (splitting if over a year old)
How do you restrain a sheep?
Either free-standing in a pen or through a V restrainer
Not being restrained individually- causes stress.
What are the differences between free standing stunning and V restrainer?
- Free standing= on floor restraint, may cause stress by having a person in there with them, but no evidence to show stress seeing conspecifics stunned
- V restrainer= dual conveyers set at an angle, walk into the system and gradually lifted off of their feet, follow each other into conveyer
Is bunging required in sheep?
No
How old does the sheep need to be before the spinal cord has to be removed?
Over a year old
How many pigs are slaughtered per year?
12 million
What are the 4 methods of stunning?
- stunning
- Gas CO2 high concentration
- Gas CO2 inert gases
- free bullet
What are the 3 types of stunning used on pigs?
- captive bolt
- head-only electrical
- head to body electrical
What are the official control steps in porcine processing?
- Antemortem
- Inspection (evisceration)
- Inspection (splitting) + 12a. Trichinella Inspection
