vowels Flashcards
/i/
the high front tense unrounded vowel
mean
/ɪ/
the hight front lax unrounded vowel
him
before r= ear
/e/
high-mid front tense unrounded vowel
only in unstressed syllables, chaotic
common allophone /eɪ/ in stressed syllables
/ɛ/
the low-mid front lax unrounded vowel
let
before r= air
/æ/
the low front lax unrounded vowel
hat
/u/
the high back tense rounded vowel
spoon
/ʊ/
the high back lax rounded vowel
wood
/o/
the high-mid back tense rounded vowel
unstressed
common allophone of /oʊ/ when stressed or end of word
/ɔ/
the low-mid back tense rounded vowel
lawn
before r= or
/ɑ/
the low back tense unrounded vowel
rob
/ə/
the mid central lax unrounded vowel
unstressed- about
/ʌ/
the low-mid back-central lax unrounded vowel
stressed- crumb
/ɚ/
the mid central lax rounded rhotic vowel
unstressed- winner
/ɝ/
the mid central tense rounded rhotic vowel
stressed- word
/eɪ/
common allophone of /e/ whenever stressed
not separate phoneme
state
/oʊ/
common allophone of /o/ whenever stressed or at end of word
not separate phoneme
logo
/aɪ/
separate phoneme
write
/ɔɪ/
separate phoneme
boy
/aʊ/
separate phoneme
house
tense vs lax
rounded vs unrounded
-
tense/lax
- adjust the muscular tension or effort used
- tense vowels: can form a real word open syllable
- i, e, u, o, ɔ, ɑ, ɝ
- lax vowels: cannot form a real word open syllable
- ɪ, ɛ, æ, ʊ, ə, ʌ, ɚ
-
lip roundedness (lengthens the vocal tract)
- rounded (back vowels more)
- u, ʊ, ɔ, ɚ, ɝ
- unrounded (front vowels more)
- i, ɪ, e, ɛ, æ, ɑ, ə, ʌ
- rounded (back vowels more)
