Vomiting Flashcards
What is the suffix for 5-HT3 receptor antagonists?
-Setron.
Such as Ondansetron.
How do setrons work?
They block 5-HT receptors both peripherally and centrally. Which prevents signalling to the chemoreceptor trigger zone and the nucleus tractus solitarious which in turn prevents the coordination of the vomiting reflex in the vomiting centre.
What kind of emesis are 5-HT3 receptor antagonists most effective on?
Acute nausea and vomiting in cancer patients receiving emetogenic treatment.
NOT effective on motion sickness.
Name a class of drug that is effective on motion sickness.
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists.
E.G Hyoscine.
List the side effects of Hyoscine
Dry mouth, urinary retention and blurred vision.
How do anti-histamines work as anti-emetics?
H1 receptor antagonists block H1 receptors in the vestibular nuclei and the nucleus tractus solitarius.
What is the main side effects of anti-histamines like cyclizine?
Drowsiness
What kind of emesis is Dopamine receptor antagonists used for?
Drug induced emesis, such as chemotherapy and treatment for Parkinson’s disease that uses agents that stimulates dopaminergic transmission.
It is also effective in gastrointestinal disorder induced emesis.
A patient is receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy and isn’t responding to any of the anti-emetics you’ve prescribed. What is your last resort?
Cannabinoid receptor agonists such as Nabilone.
