Asthma Flashcards
What would you give a patient who presents to your surgery with mild and intermittent asthma for the first time?
SABA - Salbutamol is step 1 in the treatment of asthma.
What are the possible drugs in the treatment of stage 3 asthma?
LABA - Salmeterol
Xanthine - Theophylline
CysLT antagonist - Montelukast
After prescribing salbutamol, the patient comes back with worsening symptoms what is your next course of action?
Prescribe an inhaled corticosteroid such as Beclometasone.
The final step in the treatment of asthma is….
Oral steroid - Prednisolone.
List the common side effects of B2 agonists…
Fine tremor, hypotension, tachycardia.
What are the side effects of drugs like Montelukast?
Abdominal pain and headaches.
What are the common side effects of Xanthines?
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort and headache.
What would you use in the treatment of atopic/allergic asthma?
Cromlin - Cromoglicate
Omalizumab
What is cromoglicate?
Cromone which is a mast cell stabiliser. Prevents the degranulation of mast cells and the release of inflammatory cells. It is used in the treatment of atopic children but has poor efficacy.
What are leukotriene receptor anatgonists?
Oral bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory.
They are a complementary non-steroidal anti-inflammatory.
Most effective is exercise induced asthma.
What are Xanthines.
Complementary non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
They are adenosine antagonists.
When would you use Theophylline and when would you use Aminophylline?
Theophylline is part of the 3rd step in treating and controlling asthma. Given orally.
Aminophylline is used in acute situations and is given IV.
What is the treatment for acute asthma?
Oxygen Salbutamol (Nebulised) Hydrocortisone (IV) or Oral Prednisolone Ipratropium (Nebulised) Theophylline (Aminophylline IV)
Magnesium Suphate
ANaesthetist
What are the side effects of Omalizumab?
Abdominal pain and pyrexia.
Side effects of corticosteroids?
Oral thrush Dysphonia (hoarse voice) Growth restrictions Glaucoma Diabetes Cushing's syndrome
