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PMVPH > Voluntary feed intake > Flashcards

Voluntary feed intake Flashcards

1
Q

DistensionorFillFeedback

A

Mightadapttotheloading
Poorqualityforage
Unlikelytobetheonlyfactor or wouldeatas+whentherumenempties,however,theydotendtoeatinmeals/phases
chemostatic feedback

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2
Q

effect of volatile fatty acids (VFA)

A

Acetate - depression of feed intake
Propionate - same as acetate but less powerful
Butyrate - more effectiveincausingruminal stasis, Problemwithpoorly fermentedfeeds.

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3
Q

factors which decr voluntary food intake (VFI)

A

Bodyfat
Pregnancy
Inertfill
DietNDF

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4
Q

water with/in food - effect of VFI

A

Waterdrunkwithdryfoodhaslittleeffect

waterintheplantmaterialcanhaveasignificanteffect in decr VFI

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5
Q

non starch polysaccharides(NSP)

A

water holding ability
slowdownthepassage offeedthroughtheintestine.
Theoppositeeffectbychoppingoffeed

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6
Q

inert fill

A

Intakedecr +flowrateincr - notenoughtocompensateforlowerintake.
similartoeffectofgrowingfoetus(sheepinlatepregnancy)
Incr flowrate-feedisnot fermentedtosamedegree
moredigestiblefeedshouldbeused

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7
Q

Rumenoutflowrate

A

mainfactorisparticlesizereachingtheOmasum
dependsontheeaseoffeedbreakdownbychewing andfermentation.
Pressureintherumenhaseffectinpushingfeedsthrough
Ruminal Acidosisdisturbstheoutflow

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8
Q

glucostatic theory

A

short term control
“glucoreceptors”inCNSaresensitivetotherateatwhichtheyareutilizingglucose
lowglucoseutilizationratesexciteneuralactivity-hungersensationsandfood
High utilizationratesproducetheoppositeeffect,andperipheralarterio‐venousglucosedifferences serveasanindexofutilizationratesbythe glucoreceptors intheCNS

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9
Q

HepaticOxidationTheory(HOT)

A

ATPlevelsinliverdeterminethevagal stimulation -lowlevelsrelatetoastimulatedhungercentre
SourcesforATPintheliverare –VFA, BHBA, NEFA
negativefeedbackoftheseinVFI

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10
Q

thermostatic theory

A

Animalseattomaintainbodytemperature.
ruminantsnotagoodestimationastherumenisexothermic.
mostanimalsthetheoryisbetterstatedthattheyeattoavoidhypothermia.
poultry - relationshipbetweenintakeandmaintenanceofbodytemperatureisgood

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11
Q

Lipostatic theory

A

hypothalamicfeedbackloop - whichbodyfatreservesmodulatefoodintakeandenergyexpenditure.
Thegreaterthefatstorethelowertheappetite

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12
Q

leptin

A

produced by fat tissue
more fat = more leptin in circulation
-ve effect on feed intakes

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13
Q

DMI of a dairy cow

A

2.5%ofBodyweight(kg)+10%ofmilkyield(kg)

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14
Q

NeutralDetergentFiber (NDF)

A

in cell walls
measureofplantfiberthatismostusefulinbalancingrumen
‐ healthyrationsandinpredictinghowmuchforage a cow can eat
NDFisthebestsinglemeasureofForageQuality

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15
Q

acid detergent fiber (ADF)

A

determinestheamountofresidueremainingafter boilingafeedsampleinanaciddetergentsolution.
predicttheenergycontentofforagesasitisinverselyrelatedtodigestibility

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16
Q

anti nutritional factors

A

littleeffectastheyaredestroyedintherumen.
tannins ifeateninlargequantity- precipitatingenzymessecretedbymicrobialbacteria+reducefermentationintherumenthusgreatlyreducingDMI.
Tanninscanbeveryunpalatablesothatalonemayreduceintake.

17
Q

protease inhibitors

A

inhibittrypsin,chemotropismandotherproteases
foundinlegumes-beansandpeas,butalsoincereals,potatoes,andotherproducts
impairedgrowthandpoorfoodutilization, longertransittimesandlowerintake

18
Q

lectins

A

glycoproteinsmainlyfoundin legumes:beans,peas,lentils. Theirpresenceresultsinpoorfoodutilizationandimpairedgrowth.

19
Q

glucosinolates

A

cabbageandrelatedspeciesesp oilseedrape

Effectsthyroidfunction

20
Q

pica

A

eating disorder - eating non-food substances
persistentlicking,chewingoreating ofwood, soil etc
can occur in all cattle - mainly outdoor problem

21
Q

pica - sporadic cases

A

primaryorsecondarybraindisorder
toxicity
metabolicdisease

22
Q

pica - herd outbreaks

A

problemsofparasitism,obesity,
mineraldeficiency(Pmostcommon,Na,Cu,Co)
undernutrition(protein-energydeficit)andwithlow roughagefeedssuchaslushgrass.

23
Q

Slurry/urinedrinking

A

herdproblemincalvedcowswinteredindoors
orinyards
moreaestheticthaneconomic,asgeneralherdhealthand productivityisusuallynormal
infectious urine can spread disease

PMVPH (8 decks)

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