Volcanoes

Question 1

Formation of a supervolcano Step2

Answer 1

The magma chamber grows this then forces the ground upwards into DOME this creates fissures hydrothermal features

Question 2

Formation of a supervolcano Step3

Answer 2

Gas and ash escape through fissures and into cracks in the surface causing a massive super eruption

Question 3

Formation of a supervolcano Step4

Answer 3

The land collapses into the now empty magma chamber

This creates a depression called a CALDERA

Question 4

Where is a Composite volcano found

Answer 4

Destructive plate margins (subduction)

Question 5

What is a Composite volcano like

Answer 5

Cone shaped
Steep sided, layers of ash and lava
Magma viscous/ cools quickly
Example: Montserrat

Question 6

Where is a Shield volcano found at

Answer 6

Constructive plate margins

Question 7

What is a shield volcano like

Answer 7

Dome shape with sloping sides
Gentle explosions (less explosively due to type of magma)
Lava is runny and flows distances
Example: Iceland

Question 8

What is the difference between a volcano and a super volcano

Answer 8

A super volcano is more powerful as it can affect people on a global scale. (volcanic ash in the atmosphere)

Question 9

Impacts of a supervolcano

Answer 9

• A pyroclastic flow can kill people (flow of magma from volcano)
• People have to move houses new area (falling ash,lava,explosion)
• Volcanic ash will block solar radiation (famine)
• Ash in the atmosphere can cause a volcanic
  winter(economies collapse)

Question 10

5 warning signs of a volcano (yellow stone)

Answer 10

1. More frequent eruptions
2. Vents spraying out boiling temperatures
3. High levels of hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide (gases found in magma)
4. Ground has steadily/ slowly been uplifting
5. Ground temperatures soared to boiling point

Question 11

Planing for a volcano

Answer 11

1. Concrete shelters are built to protect people from volcanic ash
2. Channels to divert dangerous flows

Question 12

Predicting/ monitoring a volcano

Answer 12

1. Tilt Meters - detect when volcano swells up as it fills with magma
2. Air crafts - measure amount of gas volcano gives off (predict eruption)
3. Bore holes- measure water temperature ( temperature increases closer magma is)

Question 13

Formation of a supervolcano Step 1

Answer 13

The magma chamber is fed with magma from the mantle over weak areas in the earths crust