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Geography > Volcanoes > Flashcards

Volcanoes Flashcards

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1
Q

Volcanology

A

◍ escape of molten material from mantle into atmosphere

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2
Q

Instrusive

A

◍ volcanic material WITHIN the crust
◍ granite

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3
Q

Extrusive

A

◍ Volcanic material that’s emitted ONTO the surface
◍ Basalt

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4
Q

3 forms of volcanic materials

A

◍ lava
◍ Pyroclasts
◍ Gases

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5
Q

Lava

A

◍ magma after it’s gases have been released

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6
Q

Pyroclasts

A

◍ material ejected from a volcano
◍ Ash,rocks,dust

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7
Q

Gases

A

◍ Carbon dioxide
◍ Sulfur dioxide
◍ Nitrogen
◍ Chlorine

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8
Q

Hotspots

A

◍ formed by a narrow stream of magma where there’s a superplum of molten magma rising
◍ plates move new volanic island ontop of hotspot
◍ Hotspot remains in the same place as the plates move

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9
Q

Active volcano

A

◍currently erupting
◍pacific ring of fire
◍Mount etna in italy

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10
Q

Dormant volcano

A

◍ hasn’t erupted for ages but still can
◍ mount st. helens in usa

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11
Q

Extint volcano

A

◍ hasn’t erupted in historic times
◍ Mount slemish in antrim

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12
Q

Silica

A

◍ material that makes lava thick
◍ made from silicon and oxygen
◍ More silica- more violent eruption

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13
Q

subduction zones

A

◍ more silica
◍ explosive volcaones

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14
Q

2 types of lava

A

◍ basic lava
◍acidic lava

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15
Q

Basic lava

A

◍ low in silica [45-55%]
◍ gases escape easily
◍ gently sloping volcanoes
◍ Usually at constructive plate boundaries
◍ Hawaii

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16
Q

Acidic lava

A

◍ High in silica [80% ish]
◍ Viscous so doesn’t move freely
◍ Usually at destructive plate boundaries
◍ Cotopaxi in the andes

17
Q

Pyroclastic material

A

◍ large volums of ejected material

18
Q

LAhar

A

◍ when snow-capped volcano mountains erupt and mix w. snow and pyroclastic material
◍ nevado del ruiz colombia

19
Q

Composite volcanoes

A

◍ steep-sided cone
◍ made of alternate layers of lava and pyroclastic material
◍ if crater is blocked top can blow off
◍ Yellowstone national parks in caldera

20
Q

Dome volcano

A

◍ steep-sided rounded volcano formed by slow acidic lava
◍ \viscous mature doesn’t flow from crater
◍ mount st. helens

21
Q

Shield volcano

A

◍ very wide base and shallow sloping sides
◍ fast flowing basic lava

Geography (18 decks)

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