Earthquakes

Question 1

Earthquakes

Answer 1

Shaking/vibration of the earth’s crust

Question 2

Focus

Answer 2

place in the earth’s crust where earthquake happens

Question 3

Epicenter

Answer 3

◍ area on surface that directly above the focus
◍ shockwaves hit here first

Question 4

Shockwave

Answer 4

◍ Seismic waves/tremors that radiate out
◍ Spread out from the focus

Question 5

seismologists

Answer 5

study of earthquakes

Question 6

Seismographs

Answer 6

machines that measure the magnitude of an earthquakes

Question 7

Aftershock

Answer 7

Waves that occur after the main shock of the earthquake

Question 8

SHallow focus earthquakes

Answer 8

◍ close to surface
◍ most common and most dangerous
◍caused by subduction

Question 9

Deep focus earthquake

Answer 9

◍ rarely cause surface damage
◍ located at subduction zones as one plate moves beneath the other

Question 10

types of waves on seismograph

Answer 10

◍ P waves
◍ S waves
◍ Surface waves

Question 11

Primary/P Waves

Answer 11

◍ fastest
◍ travel through molten material

Question 12

Secondary/S Waves

Answer 12

◍ slower
◍ travel through rock

Question 13

Surface waves

Answer 13

◍ slowest
◍ Travel on surface and causes movement

Question 14

Richter scale

Answer 14

◍ measures magnitude
◍ open-ended scale
◍ each point increases by 10 power

Question 15

Mercalli scale

Answer 15

◍ measures damage
◍ !2 points I-XII
◍ I meaning no damage
◍ XII meaning total devestation

Question 16

Earthquake prediction

Answer 16

◍ Seismic activity
◍ Radon gas
◍ Unusual animal behavior
◍ level of water in wells

Question 17

factors that determine damage caused

Answer 17

◍ time of day
◍ magnitude
◍ depth of focus
◍ population in area
◍ terrain
◍ wealth of area
◍ geology in area [unconsolidated area]

Question 18

short term effects

Answer 18

◍ death and destruction
◍ landslides
◍ liquefaction

Question 19

long term effects

Answer 19

◍ outward migration
◍ disease
◍ economic slowdown

Question 20

Liquefaction

Answer 20

◍ unconsolidated material
◍ Sand and gravel mixes with water
◍ turn to liquid mud
◍ can’t support structure causing them to fall

Question 21

Limiting damage

Answer 21

◍ Flexible columns
◍ cross beams

Question 22

Emergency aid

Answer 22

◍ aid given asap after a natural disaster to ensure survival
◍ food,water,blankets

Question 23

Development Aid

Answer 23

◍ Given over a long period of time
◍ machinery,teachers and engineers

Question 24

Tsunami

Answer 24

◍ Series of large waves
◍ formed by earthquakes,volcanic eruptions,landslides on ocean floor