Volcanoes 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the distribution of volcanoes similar to?

A

very similar to earthquakes but not exactly the same

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Magma

A

high temperature, molten or(mostly molten) rock material with a wide range of compositions(silica almost always present)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where does melting actually occur?

A

-in the overriding plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Classifications of Magma

A

Lowest silica content- basaltic magma at 50%

Intermediate silica content- andesitic magma at 60%

Highest silica content- rhyolitic magma at 70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Melting Temperatures

A

Low silica around 1200

High Silica 700-900

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dissolved volatiles such as gas and fluids determine what?

A

eruptive behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Flood or Plateau Basalt

A

very liquid lava; flows very widespread; emitted from fractures
ex: columbia river plateau

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Shield Volcano

A
  • liquid lava
  • emitted from a central vent
  • large
  • sometimes has a caldera collapse
    ex. Hawaiian Volcanoes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cinder Cone

A
  • explosive liquid lava
  • small
  • emitted from a central vent
  • if long enough may build up a shield volcano
    ex. Crater of the moon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

composite or stratovolcano

A
  • more viscous lavas
  • explosive debris
  • large
  • emitted from a central vent
    ex. Mount Rainer, Mount St, Helens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

volcanic dome

A
  • very viscous lava
  • relatively small
  • can be explosive
  • commonly occur adjacent to crater of composite volcanoes
    ex. Mount St. Helens Lava Dome
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Caldera

A

very large composite volcano collapsed after an explosive period
-frequently associated with plug domes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Lava

A

is magma that has been extruded from a volcano

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Elemental Composition of Magma

A
  • O
  • Si
  • Fe
  • Al
  • Mg
  • Ca
  • Na
  • K
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly