Changing Face of the Earth

Question 1

The Critical Zone

Answer 1

• another name for soil

- used by humans for mining and drilling

Question 2

Weathering

Answer 2

is the surficial process that produces material for sediments and sedimentary rocks

Question 3

Two types of weathering

Answer 3

mechanical and chemical

Question 4

What does climate determine?

explain

Answer 4

-which one dominates

• humid warm climates have relatively more chemical weathering
• cool dry climates have relatively more physical weathering

Question 5

Mechanical Weathering

Answer 5

• breaking apart of rocks

- change in composition

Question 6

Types of Mechanical Weathering

Answer 6

• frost wedging
• exfoliation
• fragmentation, thermal expansion
• biological

Question 7

Talus

Answer 7

accumulation on fragmented rocks

Question 8

Chemical Weathering

Answer 8

• change in composition

- transform rock in 1 or more new compounds

Question 9

Types of Chemical Weathering

Answer 9

• dissolution
• hydrolysis
• oxidation

Question 10

Where is chemical weathering important?

Answer 10

-in humid climates

Question 11

Hydrolysis of Silicates

Answer 11

• CO2 in atmosphere dissolves in rainwater

- it makes weak, crbonic acid

Question 12

Olivine crystallizes at what?

Answer 12

high temperatures

Question 13

Quartz crystallizes at what?

Answer 13

low temperatures

Question 14

Examples of Mineral Susceptible to Chemical Weathering

Answer 14

• Olivine
• calcium-rich plagioclase
• pryroxene
• quartz

Question 15

Quartz

Answer 15

• is resistant to mechanical weathering

- is resistant to chemical weathering

Question 16

How does Physical/mechanical weathering help chemical weathering?

Answer 16

-helps by reducing fragment size and increasing the surface exposed to chemicals