Geology Chapter 2

Question 1

asthenosphere

Answer 1

hot and slowly flowing layer of relatively weak

Question 2

lithosphere

Answer 2

cool,strong outermost layer of Earth

Question 3

crust

Answer 3

variable thickness, is the outer rock layer of the

Earth

Question 4

convection

Answer 4

causes water to become less dense and more unstable as it rises to the top

Question 5

seismology

Answer 5

the study of earthquakes and the passage of seismic waves through earth

Question 6

plate tectonics

Answer 6

the creation,movement, and destruction of plates

Question 7

hot spots

Answer 7

where partly molten material are hot and buoyant enough to move up through the mantle and overlying plate tectonics

Question 8

Wadati-Benioff zones

Answer 8

dipping planes of earthquakes of earthquakes

-the paths of descending plates at subduction zones from a shallow dip to nearly vertical

Question 9

paleomagnetism

Answer 9

the study of the magnetism of rocks at the time their magnetic signature formed

Question 10

Modern Evidence of Plate Tectonics

Answer 10

• morphology of the ocean floor
• age of the oceanic crust
• magnetic properties of the oceanic crust
• hot spots
• direct observation of plate movement via GPs
• seismology and location of earthquakes

Question 11

Hot Spot

Answer 11

thermal anomaly rising from the depths of the Earth that melts the crust and causes the formation of volcanoes