volcano's tectonics Flashcards
what is pyroclastic flow?
a mix of dense , hot rock , ashes and gases
what is lava flow?
the flow of magma out of a volcano often slow moving and can reach 1000 degrees
what are gas eruptions?
gas trapped in magma released during eruptions which may form gas clouds which are hazardous to health
what are ash falls?
a rain of airbourne ash that can travel for many km causing injuries, damage, deaths and disruption to transportation
what are the primary hazards of a volcano?
- pyroclastic flow
- ash falls
- gas eruptions
- lava flows
what is a lahar?
a quick/fast pace flow of mud, rock, and water moving down the volcano
what is a jokulhlaup?
a mix of water and rock when a glacial cap is melted in a volcanic eruption
what are the secondary hazards of a volcano?
lahars and jokulhlaups
true or false: we can predict volcanic eruptions
true
what are the methods in which volcanic activity can be predicted?
tiltmeters , seismometers and gas spectrometers
what is a tiltmeter?
a recording device which looks at volcanic bulging as magma rises
what is a seismometer?
a device that records minor earthquakes which can indicate magma movement
what is a gas spectrometer?
a device that measures the gas emissions from a volcano which may indicate when an eruption is likely
how is volcanic magnitude measured?
by the volcanic explosivity index (VEI)
what is the VEI based on?
volume , duration and column height of the eruption
