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Pharmacognosy > Volatile Oils > Flashcards

Volatile Oils Flashcards

1
Q

AMERICAN PEPPERMINT

ALCOHOL

A

Drief leaf of Mentha piperita, Lamiaceae

Flavorant, carminative, stimulant, counterirritant

Steam distillation

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2
Q

CARDAMOM

ALCOHOL

A

Drief ripe seed of Elettaria cardamomum, Zingiberaceae

Flavorant, carminative

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3
Q

CORIANDER

ALCOHOL

A

Fresh flowers of Coriandrum sativum, Apiacea

Flavorant, carminative

Steam distillation

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4
Q

JAPANESE PEPPERMINT

ALCOHOL

A

Drief leaf of Mentha arvensis, Lamiaceae

Source of menthol

Steam distillation

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5
Q

ROSE

ALCOHOL

Otto of Rose

A

Fresh flowers of
1. Rosa gallica
2. Rosa alba
3. Rosa centifolia
Rosaceae

Perfumery

Steam distillation

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6
Q

ORANGE FLOWER

ALCOHOL

Neroli Oil

A

Fresh flowers of
Citrus aurantium, Rutaceae

Perfumery, Flavorant

Steam distillation

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7
Q

JUNIPER OIL

ALCOHOL

A

Dried, ripe fruit of Juniperus communis, Cupressaceae

Flavorant, Diuretic (Odrinil)

Steam distillation

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8
Q

PINE

ALCOHOL

A

Wood of Pinus palustris, Pinaceae

Disinfectant, Deodorant

Steam distillation / Extraction & Fractionation

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9
Q

TURPENTINE

HYDROCARBON

Largest volume of essential oil in the market

A

Oleoresin of Pinus palustris, Pinaceae

Expectorant, stimulant to mucus membranes

Distillation

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10
Q

CINNAMON

ALDEHYDE

A

Dried bark of:
1. Cinnamomum loureirii (Saigon)
2. Cinnamomum xeylanicum (Ceylon)
3. Cinnamomun cassia (Cassia)
Lauraceae

Carminative, Flavorant, Antiseptic

Steam Distillation

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11
Q

CITRONELLA

ALDEHYDE

A

Freshly cut or partial dried
Cymbopogon winterianus
Cymbopogon nardus
Poaceae

Perfume, Insect repellant

Steam Distillation

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12
Q

LEMON

ALDEHYDE

A

Outer rind of a fresh fruit of Citrus limon, Rutaceae

Flavoring agent, Stimulant, Stomachic, Carminative

Expression

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13
Q

ORANGE

ALDEHYDE

A

Outer rind of a fresh fruit of Citrus sinensis, Rutaceae

Flavorant

Expression

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14
Q

WITCH HAZEL

ALDEHYDE

Hamamelis water

A

Freshly cut or partially dried twigs of Hamamelis virginiana, Hamamelidaceae

Astringent in OTC anti-hemorrhoidal preparation

Hydroalcoholic steam distillation

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15
Q

CAMPHOR

KETONE

A

Cinnamomum camphore, Lauraceae

Topical antipruritic, Rubefacient, Anti-infective

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16
Q

SPEARMINT

KETONE

A

Dried leaf and flowering tops of Mentha spicata, Lamiaceae

Flavoring agent, Carminative

17
Q

CARAWAY

KETONE

A

Dried ripe fruit of Carum carvi, Apiaceae

Flavoring agent

18
Q

BUCHU

KETONE

A

Dried leaf of
1. Borosma betulina
2. Borosmia crenulate
3. Borosmia serratifolia
Rutaceae

Diuretic

19
Q

WORMWOOD

KETONE

Absinthe Oil

A

Dried leaves and flowering tops of Artemisia absinthium, Asteraceae

Counterirritant

Steam Distillation

20
Q

CEDAR LEAF

KETONE

A

Fresh leaves of Thuja occidentalis, Cupressaceae

Counterirritant

Steam Distillation

21
Q

CLOVE

PHENOL

A

Dried flower bud of Eugenia caryophyllus, Myrtaceae

Flavoring, toothache remedy, antiseptic, counterirritant, carminative

Steam Distillation

22
Q

Phenol obtained from clove oil

A

Eugenol

Dental analgesic

23
Q

CREOSOTE

PHENOL

A

Wood tar of Fagus grandiflora, Fagaceae

Disinfectant, Toothache drops, Expectorant

Destructive distillation

24
Q

JUNIPER TAR

PHENOL

A

Heartwood of Juniperus communis, Cupressaceae

Local anti-eczemic

Empyreumatic distillation

25
Q

MYRCIA

PHENOL

A

Leaves of Pimenta racemose, Myrtaceae

Perfumery

Steam distillation

26
Q

THYMOL

PHENOL

A

Thymus vulgaris, Lamiaceae

Antifungal, Antibacterial, Antiseptic

27
Q

AJOWAN

PHENOL

A

Carum copticum

28
Q

ANISE

PHENOLIC ETHER

A

Dried ripe fruits of Pimpinella anisum, Apiaceae

Flavorant, Carminative

29
Q

CHINESE ANISE

PHENOLIC ETHER

Star anise

A

Dried ripe fruits of Illicium verum, Apiaceae

Flavorant, Carminative

30
Q

FENNEL

PHENOLIC ETHER

Star anise

A

Dried ripe fruit of Foeniculum vulgare, Apiaceae

Flavorant, Carminative

Steam Distillation

31
Q

NUTMEG

PHENOLIC ETHER

A

Dried kernels of Myristica fragrans, Myristicaceae

Flavorant, Condiment, Carminative

Steam Distillation

32
Q

EUCALYPTUS

OXIDE

A

Dried leaf of Eucalyptus globulus, Myrtaceae

Flavorant, Antiseptic, Diaphoretic, Expectorant

Steam Distillation

33
Q

GAULTHERIA

ESTER

Wintergreen, Teaberry, Checkerberry, Sweet birch

A

Dried leaf of Gaultheria procumbens, Ericaceae

Flavorant, Local irritant, Antiseptic, Antirheumatic

Synthetic or Maceration and distillation

34
Q

LAVENDER

ESTER

A

Fresh flowering tops of Lavandula angustifolia, Lamiaceae

Perfumery

Steam Distillation

35
Q

PINE NEEDLE

ESTER

A

Fresh leaves of Pinus mugo, Pinaceae

Perfumery, Flavorant

Steam Distillation

36
Q

MUSTARD

ESTER

A

Dried ripe seed of Brassica nigra, Liliaceae

Rubefacient

Maceration

Pharmacognosy (11 decks)

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