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Step 2 CK > Vol. 5 > Flashcards

Vol. 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Clozapine seizure effect

A

lowers threshold

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2
Q

G6PD triggers

A

infections and drugs (sulfa, antimalarials, nitrofurantoin)

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3
Q

Most common metastatic brain cancers

A

lung > breast > unknown primary > melanoma > colon

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4
Q

tx severe hyperCa

A

> 14 mg/dL, NS and calcitonin. Avoid loops unless volume overloaded

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5
Q

erysipelas cause

A

GABHS (strep pyo), raised borders

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6
Q

cocaine and fetal effects

A

jejunal atresia (triple bubble: stomach, duodenum, jejunum)

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7
Q

Theophylline tox

A

CNS stim. and cardiac tox

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8
Q

PPV

A

Of all patients with positive test, what fraction is a true positive

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9
Q

best test for recurrent MI

A

CK-MB

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10
Q

how often nonstress test

A

weekly in 3rd trimester

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11
Q

pneumocystis tx

A

bactrim is first line + steroids if severe disease

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12
Q

second line tx for pneumocystis

A

pentamidine, atovaquone, bactrim and dapsone, clinda and primaquine

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13
Q

Fanconi’s anemia

A

Pancytopenia and congenital abnormalities

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14
Q

Diamond-Blackfan anemia

A

Congenital Pure red cell aplasia

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15
Q

endometritis tx

A

IV clinda and IV aminoglycoside

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16
Q

causes of variable decels

A

Cord compression, oligohydramnios, cord prolapse

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17
Q

are variable decels always bad

A

if no relation to contractions, they are common and fine

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18
Q

neuroblastoma origin

A

neural crest derived

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19
Q

neuroblastoma dx

A

serum and urine catecholamines (HVA and VMA) elevations, but no pheo sxs

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20
Q

Wilm’s tumor source

A

Metanephros, renal parenchyma

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21
Q

Herpangina cause

A

Coxsackie A (B is myocarditis)

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22
Q

dihydropyridine CCBs

A

nifedipine and amlodipine

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23
Q

non-dihydropyridine CCBs

A

diltiazem and verapamil

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24
Q

which CCB class causes angioedema

A

I think the dihydropyridine group???

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25
Q

Pinealoma

A

commonly GCT, can produce hCG, can cause obstructive hydrocephalus

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26
Q

HSP kidney histo

A

IgA deposition in mesangium

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27
Q

HSP sxs

A

palpable purpura, abdominal pain, arthralgias, kidney failure

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28
Q

How does congenital hypothyroidism look

A

Normal birth, then develops large tongue, abd. bloating, umbilical hernia, weakness, hypotonia, jaundice

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29
Q

Primary amenorrhea definition

A

No menarche by Age 15

30
Q

dx for Turners

A

Karyotype, then FISH

31
Q

breastfeeding failure jaundice

A

not enough fluids b/c of not enough breastfeeding means they reabsorb more bile acids . Happens in first week of life

32
Q

breast milk jaundice

A

nl breastfeeding, not dehydrated, but high levels of beta-glucuronidase in breast milk lead to more reasbroption. Starts age 3-5 days, peaks at 2 weeks

33
Q

sodium loss in HHNK

A

free water loss is great than sodium loss

34
Q

hemochromatosis infection risk

A

increased risk to yersinia, vibrio vulnificus, yersinia enterocolitica

35
Q

Staph aureus PNA

A

nodular infiltrate with cavitation

36
Q

can you have MDD episodes in dysthymia?

A

yes, it just wont be pure dysthymia

37
Q

janeway lesions

A

palms and soles, non-painful, macular

38
Q

osler nodes

A

painful, violaceous nodules on fingertips and toes

39
Q

roth spots

A

edematous and hemorrhagic lesions of the retina (IE)

40
Q

reye syndrome histo

A

microvesicular fatty infiltration and hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction

41
Q

reye syndrome associations

A

influenza B, then A, and varicella zoster

42
Q

Macrovesicular fatty chances

A

alcoholic and NAFLD

43
Q

what elevated in folate deficiency

A

homocysteine

44
Q

what elevated in B12 deficiency

A

homocysteine and methylmalonic acid

45
Q

painless hematochezia in a young toddler

A

Meckel’s diverticulum

46
Q

antiphospholipid syndrome tx in pregnancy

A

aspirin and LMWH

47
Q

indications for parapneumonic tube thoracostomy

A

pH

48
Q

tx variant angina

A

CCBs and nitrates

49
Q

cat bite tx

A

amox-clav for pasturella multocida

50
Q

echinococcus animals

A

sheep and dogs

51
Q

klumpke paralysis hand

A

CLAW

52
Q

Wernicke encephalopathy sxs

A

encephalopathy, ocular dysfunction, and gait ataxia

53
Q

Marfan’s lens subluxation

A

Upwards

54
Q

MGUS follow up test

A

metastatic skeletal bone survery

55
Q

aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease

A

seen with asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis

56
Q

Tx for baby born to mom with HBV

A

HBIG and HBV vaccine

57
Q

tx for antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy

A

low-dose aspirin

58
Q

thyroid labs

A

TSH and T4

59
Q

Tay-Sachs cells apperance

A

onion-skin lysosomes

60
Q

Patau apperance

A

cleft lip/Palate, holoProsencephaly, Polydactyly,

rocker-bottom feet, MR; death by 1 y/o

61
Q

Patau mnemonic

A

Puberty is 13

62
Q

Edwards mnemonic

A

Election age is 18

63
Q

Williams syndrome apperance

A

Elfin facies, Extreme friendliness w/ strangers,

well-developed English, MR

64
Q

Williams mutation

A

7q-

65
Q

Cri-du-chat mutation

A

5p-

66
Q

Cri-du-chat appearance

A

microcephaly, cardiac problems, high-pitched

meowing, epicanthal folds, MR

67
Q

Eisenmenger syndrome

A

Pulmonary HTN reversing direction of shunt

68
Q

ASD presentation

A

low-grade systolic murmur, fixed S2, and frequent colds

69
Q

When to get prenatal imaging

A

Level-I U/S at 18-22 wks is standard of care

70
Q

Wilson disease dx

A

Low serum ceruloplasmin, increased urinary copper, kaiser-fleischer rings

Step 2 CK (6 decks)

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