Voice Development and Disorders Flashcards
The speed at which Vocal Folds vibrate is called the __________ __________
Fundamental Frequency of Voice
The rapidity of vibration (of the vocal folds) is determined by:
1.
2.
3.
4.
- Air pressure from the lungs
- Tension on the vocal folds
- Mass of the vocal folds
- Length of the vocal folds
Pitch is measured in:
Hertz (Hz)
Hertz (Hz) is equal to the number of ________ per second of the vocal folds
number of vibrations per second
Fundamental Frequency is also called:
Habitual Pitch
A voice disorder is present if an individual _______ _______ is two or more tones away from the ________ ________ of their sex
Habitual pitch and optimal pitch
The average adult male frequency is
~130Hz
The average adult females frequency is
~250Hz
TRUE OR FALSE
An Infants Larynx is positioned high in their neck
TRUE ~3rd cervical vertebrae
An infants high positioned larynx allows an infant to:
- Breath while nursing
- Reduces the risk of chocking
After ~5years, the larynx moves down and sits at ~____ cervical vertebrae
6th
The larynx reaches the ____ cervical vertebrae by 17 - 20 years old
7th
At puberty, a male’s vocal cords rapidly grow ~___mm in length, and _______
10mm. length and thickness
During puberty, a females vocal cords thicken ~___mm with no significant ________
4mm, NO SIGNIFICANT THICKENING
A Monotone voice is a result of ________
not varying speaking frequency during speech
Voice Intensity is measured in:
Decibels (dB)
perceived as loudness
The average loudness of conversational speech is _____
~60dB
A major determiner in vocal intensity (perceived as loudness) is _________ ________
SUBGLOTTAL PRESSURE
(pressure from the lungs onto the interior aspects of the vocal cords)
At what age does a persons voice start to decline
60 years old
- pitch between males and females evens out
- diminished quality
- Decreased capacity for control over loudness (dB)
Vocal Abuse can lead to:
- Vocal nodules
- Contact Ulcers
- Vocal Polyps
- Acute and Chronic Laryngitis
A women in her 20’s presents with voice symptoms of breathiness and hoarseness, with soreness and inability to reach upper third pitch range, she most likely is suffering from:
Vocal Nodules
A man in his 40’s presents with high acid reflux, pain at the vocal folds, and hoarseness with breathiness, he often clears his throat. What is he most likely suffering from
Contact Ulcers
A client presents with a sensation of something in the throat, with voice hoarseness, breathiness, and roughness. They reportedly just visited a baseball stadium. What is their most likely diagnosis?
Vocal Polyps
Inflammation of the vocal folds that results from exposure to noxious agents, allergies, or vocal abuse is called:
Laryngitis
What voice disorders are associated with Hypoadduction?
Parkinson’s and Vocal Fold Paralysis (unilateral or bilateral)
Define Diplophonia
the two vocal folds vibrate at different speeds
Voice Disorders associated with Hyperadduction are:
Spastic Dysarthria
- resulting from bilateral damage to the brain
- great difficulty swallowing and speaking
Spastic Dysphonia
- abnormal laryngospasm-strained, effortful tight voice with a vocal tremor
-used to be thought of as an emotionally triggered event, now it can be many things including neurological
Alaryngeal speakers speak from their ___________
Trachea via a surgical hole
Voice Disorders can have symptoms in these four areas of speech:
- Distorted Voice Quality
- Distorted Vocal Pitch
- Distorted Loudness
- Distorted Resonance
Two potential causes of voice quality are:
Lesions on the vocal folds, and neurological impairment
Three aspects of speech may suggest a voice pitch disorder, they are:
- Monopitch
- Inappropriate Pitch
- Pitch Breaks
Define Stridor
Noisy breathing or involving sound with inspiration and expiration
Define Consistent Aphonia
Persistent absence of voice, perceived as whispering
Define Episodic Aphonia
Uncontrolled, unpredictable aphonic breaks in voice that can last a fraction of a second or longer
