Fluency Disorders in Children and Adults

Question 1

What is fluency?

Answer 1

Smooth, uninterrupted, effortless, flow of speech
- Fluent speech requires a degree of physical maturation and language experiance

Question 2

What is dysfluency?

Answer 2

Speech behavior that disrupts the fluent, forward flow of speech

Question 3

There are two types of stuttering, they are:

Answer 3

1. Developmental stuttering
   - always had it, nothing caused it
2. Neurogenic stuttering
   - associated with a neurological disease or trauma

Question 3

What are revisions?

Answer 3

word substitutions to avoid problematic words (stuttering)
- “w” is a very common sound that is revised to avoid

Question 4

Incidence of stuttering occurs in ~___% of the population (excluding spontaneous resolved childhood stuttering)

Answer 4

1%

Question 5

TRUE OR FALSE

Approx. 85% of children with a stutter will recover spontaneously

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

Which hemisphere of the brain is associated with language production

Answer 6

LEFT

Question 7

Repetitions, Prolongations, Blocks, Interjections, and Revisions are all considered _________ ________

Answer 7

Core (Primary) Dysfluencies

Question 8

Define Secondary Dysfluencies

Answer 8

When a person with a fluency disorder develops secondary features to escape and avoid dysfluent episodes

Question 9

Common Secondary Dysfluencies are:

Answer 9

Physical Behaviors, Avoidance, and Negative Emotional reactions

Question 10

Characteristics of a Typical (not true) stutter vs True Dysfluency Stutter are:

Answer 10

• Occurs between 2-6 y/o, peaking at around 3 years
• Disfluencies tend to be whole-word repetitions, interjections, syllable repetitions and revisions
• child is not concerned or self conscious

Question 11

Characteristics of True Stuttering include:

Answer 11

• Repeating primarily sounds and some syllables
• Demonstrates prolongations of sounds
• Exhibits blocks
• Gets Stuck on words
• Associated body movements
• Tension and emotional distress