Vocabulary Revision (Week 6) Flashcards
pristine
pure, clean, and untouched
representative
typical or symbolic of something
“I’d like ___ sth”
“I’d like to do sth”
to be devoted to sth
to be committed or dedicated to something
“however (adj.) it may seem”
no matter how (adj.) it appears
an endeavor
a task that requires effort
a testimony ___ sth
a testimony to sth
a taste ___ sth
a taste in sth
to be capable ___ sth
to be capable of doing sth
bustling
full of energy, noise, and activity
to pull out all stops
to use maximum effort or resources
to pay heed to sth
to carefully take notice of something
to entail sth
to involve or require something
to be compared ___ sth
to be compared to sth
proliferation
rapid increase or spread of something
to be brought up
to be mentioned or raised
inhibited
restrained or unable to act freely
a playwright
a person who writes plays
to seem/appear (adj.) to sb
to give the impression of being (adj.) for sb
dynamic meditation
active meditation involving movement or activity
to have difficulties ___ sth
to have difficulties doing sth / in doing sth / with sth
to take precedence over sth
to be more important than something else
to make a comeback
to regain success or popularity
to be detrimental to sth
to cause harm or damage to sth
rambunctious
energetic, noisy, and difficult to control
fabrication
- false or made-up information; 2. process of making something
to concede
to acknowledge the opponent’s point in argument
to be enthralled ___ sth
to be enthralled by sth
uninterested
lacking interest
representational
depicting sth in reality
mediocre
of average quality; not good or bad
to erode
to gradually wear away or diminish sth
to wallow in sth
to lie in water; to indulge in negative emotions (e.g. sadness)
to stray ___ sth
to stray from/away from sth
to heed sb’s advice
to listen seriously and follow sb’s advice
to dispel sth
to remove sth’s effect
to resonate ___ sth
to resonate with sth
to be hard-pressed
to be pressured
to stick ___ sth
to stick with sth
infallible
incapable of being wrong
fowl
a domesticated bird
solidarity
unity or mutual support within a group
a far cry from sth
very different from something
to b___ witness to sth
to bear witness to sth
a deterrent to/against sth
something that discourages action or behavior
hackneyed
overused and unoriginal
to dabble with sth
to try something casually or sporadically
hustle
busy and vigorous work
penultimate
second to last in a sequence
to fit in with sth
to blend harmoniously with something
compulsive
uncontrollable or irresistible
to underact/overact
to perform with too little or too much emotion
to take off
(as progress) to become successful; (as an aeroplane) to achieve lift
to draw a clear d___
to draw a clear distinction
subtleties
small, delicate details or nuances
to ___ notice of sth
to take notice of sth
to work towards sth
to make efforts or progress toward a goal
to flaunt sth
to show off something to impress others
to converge
to come together a single point and become one
lush v___
lush vegetation
a dependant
someone financially reliant on another
to be absorbed ___ sth
to be absorbed in sth
to compare A with/and B
to examine similarities and differences between A and B
to nag
to annoyingly complain repeatedly
to complement sth
to enhance or complete something (complementary = free of charge)
a curtain call
a performer’s final bow after a show
a hub of sth
center of sth’s activity
resurgent
continuing to revive after a period of inactivity
to sign up for sth
to enroll or register for something
to ___ effort / to ___ an effort
to put in effort / to make an effort
surmountable
able to be overcome or dealt with successfully
to be hard-pressed ___ sth
to be hard-pressed to do sth / for sth
decimation
severe destruction or reduction of something
inhibition
restraint or suppression of behavior
to antagonize sb
to create hostility and annoyance in sb
to originate ___ sth
to originate in sth
to g___ a grounding/experience
to gain a grounding/experience
to brush through sth
to move through something with light resistance (as if a brush through hair)
a talent ___ sth
a talent for sth
an understudy
a replacement apprentice performer
to ___ the honour of ___ sth
to have the honour of doing sth
to get sth done
to ensure a task or work is completed
an insistence ___ sth
an insistence on sth
to set A apart from B
to distinguish A from B
catch-22
a contradictory situation with no clear solution, often in the system
feasibility
possibility or practicality
initiative / an initiative
ability to act independently / organized effort to achieve a goal
a remedy for sth
a solution or cure for something
murky
opaque or unclear
an imperative
a crucial or urgent requirement
to thrive ___ sth
to thrive on sth
prose
written language
emotional intelligence
the ability to understand and manage emotions in self and others
evidence ___ sth
evidence of sth
tatty
old, worn out or run down in appearance
paramount
most important; supreme
eclectic
drawing from various sources
to navigate an issue
to manage or deal with an issue
to give sb a free rein
to allow someone total freedom
to reap sth
to harvest or obtain something
to address sth
to deal with or discuss an issue
to have/get sth done
to arrange for sth to be done
just (adj.)
fair and morally right
to ___ no mention of sth
to make no mention of sth
to g___ interest
to generate interest
to set sth up
to arrange or establish something
unanimous
fully agreed upon by all involved
to deface sth
to damage sth’s appearance
to ___ difficulty (in) doing sth
to have difficulty (in) doing sth
to tout sth
to promote or praise something enthusiastically
a museum p___
a museum piece
knock-on effect
secondary, indirect consequence
to point sth out
to highlight or draw attention to something
to be v___ against sth
to be vehemently against sth
hitherto
up until now; previously
inherent
naturally belonging to something
to i___ coma/pain
to induce coma/pain
a lapse in sth
a temporary failure in the continuation of sth
nagging
persistent and annoying
to underlie sth
to form the foundation or hidden cause of sth
“only time will tell”
“it is uncertain”
to be (highly) touted
to be considered (very) valuable
a f___ claim
a false/frivolous claim
to set the bar (high/low)
to establish a standard or expectation (high/low)
to put up with sth
to tolerate or endure something unpleasant
to be intent on doing sth
to be determined to achieve something
to indulge sb
to humor sb (= “to hear sb out”)
to dissent
to disagree
speculation -> (adj.)
speculative
to be good/bad ___ sb/sth
to be good/bad for sb/sth
to reassure sb of sth
to give sb confidence or faith in sth
a proof ___ sth
a proof of sth
to be a prerequisite for sth
be necessary before something can happen
“for all we know”
“as far as we know”
oppression
abuse of power to restrict others’ freedom/rights/etc.
a precedent
an earlier example that guides future actions
to ring a bell
to seem familiar or recognizable
a concession
a compromise or acknowledgment of the opponent in argument
to may/could/might well do/be sth
to be quite likely to do/be sth
salient
most noticeable or important
to put sth forward/forth
to suggest or propose something (theory, proposal, etc.)
to come cheap
to be inexpensive or affordable
to faze sb
to unsettle or disturb someone
to have an interest ___ sth
to have an interest in doing sth
harnessing
act of utilizing or controlling something effectively
to do sth ___ the fear of sth
to do sth for the fear of sth
notorious
famous for negative reasons; infamous
a tributary
a river or stream flowing into a larger body
to be at ease
feel comfortable or relaxed
a preparation ___ sth
a preparation for sth
discrepancy
an inconsistency between what is believed and what is real
a prey
an animal hunted by predators
to slip ___ ___ sth
to slip out of sth
to ___ harm to sb
to do/bring harm to sb
to reach a wider audience
to connect with more diverse or numerous people
to be captivated ___ sth
to be captivated by sth
to adapt to sth
to change oneself to better fit into sth
to r___ money/funds
to raise money/funds
to keep sb on tenterhooks
to keep someone anxious or uncertain (= to keep sb on their toes/at the edge of their seat)
continuously
without interruption or stopping
in turn (adv.)
consequently or as a result
malicious
intending harm or evil
tranquil
calm, peaceful, and serene
to v___ deny sth
to vehemently deny sth
to harness sth
to control and utilize something (e.g. resource, power, etc.)
to ravage sth
to severely damage or devastate something
to be in disbelief
to have difficulty accepting something as true
to pop into sth
to enter or visit briefly
to buy into sth
to believe, support or participate in something
tranquility
the state of being calm or peaceful
to liken A to B
compare A to B as being similar
to have a brush with sth
to experience something briefly, often unpleasant
the minute sb does sth / has done sth
as soon as sb does sth / has done sth
sartorial
related to fine clothing
to be driven by sth
to be motivated or propelled by something
to query sb on sth
to ask someone about something
a marked rise in sth
a noticeable increase
a hypochondriac
a person excessively worried about their health
trivial
of little importance or value
to tire of sth
to become bored or fed up by sth
to enrich sth
to improve or add value to something
austere
simple, strict, or lacking luxury
to exert A on B
to apply A(force or influence) on B
to r___ the benefits of sth
to reap the benefits of sth
to c___ to an end
to come to an end
lavish
extravagant, luxurious, or over-the-top
revelation
surprising fact or discovery, often previously unknown
have no intention ___ ___ sth
have no intention of doing sth
to ___ credit ___ sth (= to be acknowledged for sth)
to take credit for sth
to t__ offense ___ sth
to take offense to sth (= to be offended by sth)
questionable
possibly inappropriate
fraught
filled with tension, danger, or anxiety
luxuriant
rich and abundant in growth or detail
___ the credit ___ sth (= thanks to sth)
to the credit of sth
to be conducive to sth
to help make something possible
to do sth ___ fear
to do sth out of fear
to have a knack for sth
to have natural skill in sth
to have had enough (of sth)
to no longer be able to tolerate or endure something
an inducement
sth that leads to an action; a motivation to act
rare
uncommon due to being infrequently found
exhaustive
thorough and complete
to brag about sth
to talk proudly, often arrogantly, about sth
ordinary (neg.)
extraordinary
to find oneself doing sth
to be in a situation, often unintentionally
imperative (adj.)
absolutely necessary or urgent
strictly speaking
in the most accurate or specific sense
to falter
to hesitate, weaken, or lose momentum
to be easy on the eyes
pleasant or attractive to look at
for care to ___ ___ sth
for care to go into sth
to ___ a problem ___ sth
to have a problem doing/with sth
quirky
unconventional or unusual (in a lighthearted way)
a stint (a run)
a short, defined period of activity or work (e.g. a 10-year stint, one’s first/second stint)
a craze ___ sth
a craze for sth
competency
a skill or qualification
to stand/stick ___ sb
to stand/stick by sb
to compare A to B
to liken A to B
stage fright
nervousness before a performance
to entertain a/an ___
to entertain an idea/thought/etc.
repercussions
unintended consequences or results
to yet to do sth
to not have done something yet
to run dry (to go dry)
to be depleted (as resource)
historic
significant; important in history
fallible
capable of making mistakes
to form an opinion about sth
to develop a judgment or view on something
a queue
a line or sequence of people waiting
a harness
a device for securing or controlling
to enable ___ sth
to enable sth
stationary
not moving
grimy
covered in dirt or grime; filthy
a pastime
a leisure activity or hobby
along with sth
in addition to something
to enclose sth
to surround or contain something
to be ___ with a challenge/difficulty/opposition/etc.
to be met with a challenge/difficulty/opposition/etc.
to tag along with sb to sth
to accompany sb to sth (often without proper invitation)
to own up to sth
to admit responsibility for sth
enduring
lasting over time; persistent
a ballpark figure
an approximate estimate
to ___ a lack of sth
to have a lack of sth
precarious
unstable or risky
a hype ___ sth
a hype around sth
an old chestnut
tired or overused story or idea
historical
related to past events
a q___village
a quaint village
to permeate sth
to spread through something completely
self-sufficient
independent and able to provide for oneself
to be associated ___ sth
to be associated with sth
to lavish A with B
to generously give A an abundance of B
to get sb to do sth
to persuade sb to do sth
to hold sth back
to restrain or suppress something
to draw sth up
to create or prepare something as a draft
unassailable
unable to be questioned
effectively
practically; in effect (only)
to be preoccupied ___ sth
to be preoccupied with sth
enmeshed
tangled or deeply involved in something complicated
to step into the spotlight
to gain public attention or focus
clamour (to clamour)
loud indistinct sound (usually of people)
to own up to sth
to admit responsibility for sth
frivolous
lacking seriousness or authenticity
a brush with sth
a brief encounter or experience with sth
to relish sth
to deeply enjoy or take pleasure in something
to take up sth
to begin a new activity
to (just) about to do sth
to be (very) close to doing sth
b___ landscape
barren landscape
straightforward
simple, clear, or easy to understand
guerilla
irregular warfare or its fighter
an intervention
an act of becoming involved to change an outcome
to be representative of sth
to exemplify or symbolize something
to sustain a loss/losses of sth
to suffer damage or financial loss of sth
more often than not
usually
to change one’s tune
to alter one’s opinion or position (often drastically or unexpectedly)
for explanation to be ___
for explanation to be given
justified
having a valid reason or explanation
jargon
specialized terms used by a specific group or profession
a reason ___ sth
a reason for sth / to do sth
to thrive on sth
to be successful or well thanks to sth; to enjoy sth greatly
to be e___/w___ convincing
to be entirely/wholly convincing
a pet peeve
one’s favourite subject of casual complaint
solace
comfort or consolation in a time of distress
principal
most important
a vagabond
wandering person without a settled home
a sedentary lifestyle
an inactive lifestyle with little physical activity
in the same ballpark
approximately similar in amount or range
in contrast ___ sth
in contrast with sth
to be outdated
to no longer be relevant or modern
reductive
oversimplifying something complex
to compliment sth
to praise something
a witness ___ sth
a witness to sth (as a person)
to go off
(as a phone/alarm) to ring
to play sth by ear
to act without a fixed plan; improvise
to do sth a___ sth
to do sth about sth
to do sth on cue
to do something when required (even with little/no warning)
in unison with sth
acting together harmoniously with sth
antepenultimate
third to last in a sequence
to fade ___
to fade away
to entertain sth
to consider or think about something seriously
scarce
rare due to low quantity available
to take on sth
to accept a task or responsibility
to do sth as a last resort
to do sth as a final option
to run on sth
to operate or function using something
alien
foreign, unfamiliar, or strange
to take to sth
to start liking or becoming skilled at something
steadfast
firm and unwavering
mountainous t___
mountainous terrain
to be bound to do/be sth
to be certain to happen
to surge
to rise suddenly or powerfully
a prospect of sb doing sth
likelihood of someone achieving something
to the best of one’s knowledge
as far as one knows
but for sth
except for sth
to come as a surprise to sb
to be unexpected for someone
detrimental
harmful or damaging
mundane
ordinary, dull, or lacking excitement
to have come a long way
to have made significant improvement or progress
to strut
to walk proudly or confidently
emotional recall
reliving past emotions to enhance performance
to ___ no difference to sb
to make no difference to sb
to crumble ___ sth
to crumble into sth
a shipwright
a person who builds or repairs ships
to predate sth
to exist before something
a shortcoming
fault, flaw, or weakness in someone or something
to carry on doing sth
to continue performing or engaging in something
for darkness to f___
for darkness to fall
a prerequisite
a requirement
mediocrity
a quality of being average or lacking excellence
to have a desire ___ sth
to have a desire to do sth
to resurge
to return or revive after a decline
an expectancy
anticipation or hope for something
succinct
brief and clear
a standing ovation
audience’s applause while standing, expressing great approval
a s___ illness
a severe illness
to get one’s teeth into sth
to tackle or engage deeply in something challenging
to crumble into sth
break apart or fall into sth
to come to terms with sth
accept or reconcile with something
to adopt sth
to make sth one’s own
an allure of sth
an appealing or attractive quality of sth
to bide time
to wait patiently
a new lease of life
a renewed chance
to boast sth
to proudly show sth; to be well known for sth
to be recognizable as sth
having a familiar or identifiable quality of sth
to be passable as sth
to be adequately or acceptably similar to sth
intrinsic
naturally belonging to something
a rein
a strap controlling a horse
to retain sth
to keep sth or not lose sth
to devise sth
to invent or create something with planning
a credential
a qualification or achievement proving ability
to bring sth to sb’s attention
to inform someone about something
to turn up (show up) at sth
to appear or arrive at a place
buoy
a floating marker in water
stationery
writing materials and office supplies
to reduce A to B
to simplify or diminish A into B
to be on the point ___ ___ sth
to be on the point of doing sth (to be on the verge of doing sth)
to imply sth
to suggest sth without stating directly
to be h___ competitive
to be highly competitive
inconclusive
(as research, etc.) not decisive or final
a premise
an assumption forming the basis of an argument
to be taken in by sth
to be deceived or fooled by something
to have/get sb doing sth
to cause someone to begin doing something
an interpretation ___ sth
an interpretation of sth
vehemently
with intense resistance or insistence
to counteract sth
to act against sth (a previous action) to neutralize its effect
to stand to do/be sth
to be likely to do/be something
jaded
lacking enthusiasm/excitement (due to overexposure)
to sample sth
to try or test something briefly
to shrivel
to wither or become smaller and wrinkled
to date back to sth
to come from a specific past time
disinterested
neutral and unbiased
a principle
a fundamental belief or rule
ingenuity
inventiveness and creativity
wilderness
uncultivated, natural area with minimal human presence
bucolic
relating to countryside life; rustic
to seep into sth
to gradually enter or spread into something
d___ undergrowth
dense undergrowth
an adaptation of sth
a modified version of something (usually across format/platform/language/etc.)
to gain ground
to make progress or advance
“to name a few” (adv.)
(expression used to give examples)
to m___ a significant progress ___ sth
to make a significant progress in sth
to enumerate
to list or mention things one by one
to exacerbate sth
to make something worse or more severe
a stigma
a negative association
daunting
intimidating due to perceived difficulty
to h___ invest in sth
to heavily invest in sth
to be lined up to do sth
to be scheduled to do something
sb’s chance ___ ___ sth
sb’s chance of doing sth
to make for sth
to result in sth or to have the quality of sth
to have sb do sth
to instruct sb to do sth
intricate
complex and detailed
mundane
ordinary or dull
to hark back to sth
to revisit or refer to sth from the past
to ___ an impression on sb
to make an impression on sb
to assent
to agree or approve
to deliver ___ sth
to deliver sth
to cling to/onto sth
to hold on to sth; to not abandon sth
immediacy
urgency or directness
to refrain from doing sth
to avoid or stop oneself from doing something
to dredge sth up
to dig sth up (old memories, buried objects, etc.)
indefatigable
persisting tirelessly
a thirst ___ sth
a thirst for sth
to ___ sth into account (= to consider sth)
to take sth into account
to stem ___ sth
to stem from sth
to account ___ sth (= to explain sth)
to account for sth
to date (adv.)
up until now or the present time
to be symptomatic ___ sth
to be symptomatic of sth (to be a symptom of sth)
to inquire/enquire about sth
to ask for information about sth
to indulge in sth
to allow oneself a luxury or pleasure of sth
backbreaking
physically demanding or exhausting
to stem from sth
originate from or be caused by something
to be recognized as sth
socially accepted as sth
to restore A to B
to return A to B (its original state)
to ___ care
to take care
untapped
not yet utilized or exploited
to popularise sth
to make sth popular
at the expense of sth
by sacrificing sth
deafening
extremely loud or overwhelming in sound
a dress rehearsal
near-final practice before a performance
compulsory
required or mandatory by rule or law
a proposition
a statement or suggestion to be considered
a notion
an idea, belief, or concept
unprecedented
never done or known before
surmountable (neg.)
insurmountable
“sb was ___ (blame) for sth”
“sb was to blame for sth”
to lay sth out
to arrange or explain something (plans, etc.)
capture -> (n.)
captivity
to set about doing sth
to begin or start something
pronouncement
formal announcement or declaration
a reign
a ruler’s period of power
to find sth (adj.)
to view sth to have a quality of (adj.)
stalwart
loyal and strong
a setback
a problem or delay hindering progress
to fret
to worry or feel anxious
competence
the ability to do something well
pervasive
spreading widely throughout an area or group
to be in the limelight
to be the focus of (public) attention
continually
repeatedly and frequently
to be alleged to do/be sth
to be accused of wrongdoing, often without proof
reticence
reluctance to speak or express oneself; the quality of being reserved
to be fraught with sth
to be full of something undesirable
to keep track of sth
to monitor or maintain awareness of something
a track record
history of achievements or past performance
to go through with sth
carry out or complete something, despite difficulty
to provide sb ___ sth
to provide sb with sth
to allow ___ sth
to allow for sth
cutting edge
highly advanced, innovative, or pioneering
to coagulate
to thicken or solidify (usually a liquid: e.g. blood)
an e___ of access
an ease of access
ungrounded
lacking a basis or justification
to turn sth out
to produce or create something, often quickly
to prepare ___ sth
to prepare for sth
to creep ___ sth
to creep into/up to sth
