VOCABULARY QUIZ #6 Flashcards
the great depression
worldwide economic instability marked by low industrial production & high unemployment rates during the 1930s
weimar republic
Germany’s new government developed in the 1920s, faced economic and social problems
protectionalism
economic policy characterized by high tantis meant to protect a country’s industries and nationalistic concerns at the expense of the world economic growth
primary producing economies
countries which export raw materials and agricultural goods
five year plans
Stalin’s policies of rapid industrialization, internal development / self-sufficiency of USSR at expense of the population
john maynard kaynes
British economist who developed Keynesian economics, that the government needed to spend money in order to help end the Great Depression
new deal
FDR’s program for helping the US recover from the Great Depression
collectivization
agricultural program in USSR / government consolidated small private farms into commonly owned fields
kulaks
farmers in USSR / resisted collectivization bc they would lose farm lands to government
fascism
radical political ideology that emphasized an extreme form of nationalism, and encouraged individuals to subordinate their will to the state
benito mussolini
leader of a one-party Fascist dictatorship in Italy in 1922
nazism
German form of fascism
mein kampf
“My Struggle” a book written by Hitler in prison / staging an attempted coup d’etat against the Weimar Republic
aryans
main focus of Hitler’s theory that the superior race of people originated from the Indo-European Aryans who migrated out of central Asia into Europe c. 2000 BCE
munich conference
meeting of European powers after Germany invaded the Sudetenland / Britain and France appeased Hitler
appeasement policy
British Prime Minister Chamberlain’s policy towards Hitler, agreeing to allow Germany to take part of Czechoslovakia if he promised to halt his invasions
rome-berlin axis
alliance formed between Hitler (Germany) and Mussolini (Italy) as WWII broke out
tripartite pact
agreement signed by Germany, Italy and Japan allowing Japan to enter the Axis alliance
total war
type of war in which goverments mobilized virtually every person and natural resource available to support the war effort
holocaust
a mass extermination of specific groups Jews, gypsies, homosexuals, Polish Catholics, mentally and physically disabled) - genocide by Nazi forces
blitzkrieg
German offensive warfare characterized by carefully synchronized steps that utilized fighter planes, tanks and infantry men
battle of britain
the British Royal Air Force successfully counterattacked german places using newly developed radar technology
non aggression pact
an agreement signed between Hitler (Germany) and Stalin (USSR) to refrain from invading each other
battle of elamein
British victory against Germany in northern Egypt, allowing Allied troops to then capture Sicily and invade Italy
pearl harbor
US naval base attacked by Japan prompting the US to enter WWII on the Allied side
battle of midway
US victory over Japan / allowing the US to begin their “island hopping” campaign, taking islands in the Pacific on the way to Japan
d-day
successful Allied invasion of Normandy France
battle of the bulge
successful Allied defeat of Germany in Belgium
atomic bombs
newly developed, and highly destructive weapons that were used by the US on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945, prompting Japan to surrender
