VOCABULARY QUIZ #3

Question 1

French and Indian War

Answer 1

Conflict between Britain and France (Seven Years War)

Question 2

Declaration of Independence

Answer 2

Formal statement made by Britain’s North American colonies to the British crown declaring their self-sovereignty written by Thomas Jefferson in in 1776 & highly influenced by Locke’s theory of consent of the governed & the social contract

Question 3

federalist system

Answer 3

a political system which divides governing power between state and federal levels

Question 4

salutary neglect

Answer 4

political position of the british government that allowed the colonies to self-govern

Question 5

proclamation of 1763

Answer 5

law issued by the British government that forbid North American colonists to settle along the Ohio River Valley

Question 6

common sense

Answer 6

pamphlet that argued for independence for the british north american colonies

Question 7

king louis XVI

Answer 7

ineffective absolute king of France prior to and during the French Revolution

Question 8

National Assembly

Answer 8

legislative body formed during the French Revolution to govern France

Question 9

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

Answer 9

Proclamation which declared “freedom of thought” and “natural rights” to all French citizens

Question 10

Reign of Terror

Answer 10

violent stage of the French Revolution marked by mass execution and widespread fear

Question 11

Maximilien Robespierre

Answer 11

French Revolutionary and leader of the radical Jacobins, brought about the Reign of Terror

Question 12

nation

Answer 12

group of people bound together by a common political identity

Question 13

nationalism

Answer 13

the sense of belonging and identity that distinguished one nation from another, belief that a nation should be self-sovereign

Question 14

napoleon Bonaparte

Answer 14

army general who became military dictator of France
- led france out of revolution / angered Europe with his territorial expansion

Question 15

Napoleonic Code

Answer 15

Organization of new law codes for France under Napoleons leadership
- granting religious freedom & equal rights for men

Question 16

Battle of Waterloo

Answer 16

battle between Napoleon & European alliance led by Britain

Question 17

congress of vienna

Answer 17

meeting of major european leaders to discuss how to reverse the damage that had been done to europe due to the french revolution & napoleon conquests

Question 18

balance of power

Answer 18

stabilizing force established by the congress of vienna that dictated what lands in europe would be controlled by which countries

Question 19

conservatives

Answer 19

ideologists who believed that Europe should revert back to the way it was before the French Revolution and the Napoleonic era

Question 20

liberals

Answer 20

ideologists who wanted to put the power of absolute monarchs in check & give more power to the legislative bodies of europe (mostly bourgeoisie)

Question 21

radicals

Answer 21

ideologists who strongly promoted social reform, equality & liberty for all

Question 22

Count Camillo di Cavour

Answer 22

Italian unification leader who allied himself with France in order to combat the growing power of Austria

Question 23

Giuseppe Garibaldi

Answer 23

Italian unification leader who led the “Red Shirts” who used violence to oppose anti-unification groups

Question 24

Giuseppe Mazzini

Answer 24

Italian unification leader who established Young Italy to support the unification movement

Question 25

Victor Emmanuel II

Answer 25

first king of a united Italy in 1861

Question 26

Otto Von Bismarck

Answer 26

prime minister of Prussia that led the german unification movement

Question 27

gens de couleur

Answer 27

revolutionary group in Haiti who wanted political equality with whites but did not fight to end slavery

Question 28

toussaint L’ Ouverture

Answer 28

former slave who led a rebellion in Haiti

Question 29

creoles

Answer 29

residents of Spanish-America who were of European descent & forced into the second class of the social hierarchy

Question 30

peninsulares

Answer 30

residents of Spanish-America who were born in Europe and enjoyed privileges of the upper class

Question 31

juntas

Answer 31

organizations of military leaders set up in Latin America to rule in the name of the Spanish King, but were really controlled by creoles

Question 32

Simon bolivar

Answer 32

wealthy creole general and junta leader who led the rebellion against the Spanish in South America, winning independence for Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Bolivia

Question 33

Jose de San Martin

Answer 33

creole junta leader who led a rebellion against the Spanish in South America, helping Chile, Peru, Uruguay, Paraguay, and other parts of Bolivia to win Independence

Question 34

Miguel Hidalgo

Answer 34

Catholic priest who began the Mexican independence movement against Spain

Question 35

Augustin de Iturbide

Answer 35

creole military officer in Mexico who declared Mexico independent in 1821 & was proclaimed its first emperor but was later overthrown & executed

Question 36

abolitionists

Answer 36

social reformers who wanted to end slavery

Question 37

Mary Wollstonecraft

Answer 37

British writer who advocated for Women’s rights