Vocabulary Part 2

Question 1

Moraic Phonological Writing System

Answer 1

signs stand for syllables or mora (generally in the form of CV sequences) ex: linear B, Cree Syllabary

Question 2

Phonographic Phonological Writing System

Answer 2

signs stand for individual phonemes (like for /t/ in Roman Alphabet)

Question 3

Pictogram

Answer 3

A grapheme created by pictography; a morphogram which graphically portrays the object it represents
Example: A picture of a flower represents the word flower

Question 4

Differentiation

Answer 4

A method of creating a symbol: an ambiguous symbol used for two different things is disambiguated by altering its shape in one of its uses.
Example: if P is used ambiguously to represent two different things, differentiation might use P for one morpheme and P˞ for the other.

Question 5

Semantic Complement

Answer 5

A grapheme which gives additional semantic information

Example: Star symbol for “god” in Cuneiform

Question 6

Phonological Complement

Answer 6

A grapheme which repeats phonological information already given by another grapheme
Example: used in Egyptian to reinforce tri consonantal sequences, diacritics used in Maya to emphasise part of the pronunciation

Question 7

Acrophony

Answer 7

The Process by which a pictographic symbol takes a phonographic value from the first sound of the name of the object it represents
Example: A picture of a cat used to represent /k/ in English since /k/ is the first sound in /kat/

Question 8

Mater Lectionis

Answer 8

In Semitic Abjad writing, the use of a consonant symbol to represent a vowel
Example: The letters that do this in Hebrew are א aleph, ה he, ו waw (or vav) and י yod (or yud).

Question 9

Abjad

Answer 9

A phonographic writing system in which symbols correspond to consonants in the language, but vowels are typically not written.

Question 10

Abugida

Answer 10

A phonographic writing system where vowels are usually written as diacritics on consonants and one vowel is not written