Vocabulary

Question 1

charles I

Answer 1

His power struggles with Parliament resulted in the English Civil War (1642-1648)

Question 2

petition the right

Answer 2

is a major English constitutional document that sets out specific liberties of the subject that the king is prohibited from infringing.

Question 3

long parliament

Answer 3

was an English Parliament which lasted from 1640 until 1660.

Question 4

short parliament

Answer 4

was a Parliament of England that sat from 13 April to 5 May 1640 during the reign of King Charles I of England, so called because it lasted only three weeks.

Question 5

cavaliers

Answer 5

a supporter of King Charles I in the English Civil War.

Question 6

Oliver Cronwell

Answer 6

was an English military and political leader and later Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland.

Question 7

commonwealth

Answer 7

an independent country or community, especially a democratic republic.

Question 8

Decaration of rights

Answer 8

is a document drafted in 1776 to proclaim the inherent rights of men, including the right to reform or abolish “inadequate” government.

Question 9

monarchy

Answer 9

a form of government with a monarch at the head

Question 10

Torries and whigs

Answer 10

members of two opposing political parties or factions in England, particularly during the 18th century.

Question 11

English bill of rights

Answer 11

was a British Law, passed by the Parliament of Great Britain in 1689 that declared the rights and liberties of the people and settling the succession in William III and Mary II following the Glorious Revolution of 1688 when James …

Question 12

William and Mary

Answer 12

King William III and Queen Mary II of England, who ruled jointly after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 had expelled Mary’s father, King James II.

Question 13

enligtenment

Answer 13

the action of enlightening or the state of being enlightened

Question 14

philosophers

Answer 14

a person engaged or learned in philosophy, especially as an academic discipline.

Question 15

John Locke

Answer 15

A seventeenth-century English philosopher. Locke argued against the belief that human beings are born with certain ideas already in their minds.

Question 16

Voltaire

Answer 16

French writer, playwright, and poet; pseudonym of François-Marie Arouet.

Question 17

Baron de Montesquieu

Answer 17

French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers (1689-1755) Charles Louis de Secondat, Montesquieu.

Question 18

Mary Wollstonecraft

Answer 18

was an English writer, philosopher, and advocate of women’s rights. During her brief career, she wrote novels, treatises, a travel narrative, a history of the French Revolution, a conduct book, and a children’s book.

Question 19

salon

Answer 19

an establishment where a hairdresser, beautician, or couturier conducts business.