Industrial Revolution

Question 1

encloseure movement

Answer 1

an area that is sealed off with an artificial or natural barrier.

Question 2

crop rotation

Answer 2

the action of rotating around an axis or center.

Question 3

industrial revolution

Answer 3

was a period of major industrialization that took place during the late 1700 and early 1800.

Question 4

factors of production

Answer 4

is an economic term that describes the inputs that are used in the production of goods or services in order to make an economic profit.

Question 5

mechanization

Answer 5

is the process of changing from working largely or exclusively by hand or with animals to doing that work with machinery. In an early engineering text a machine is defined as follows:

Question 6

factory system

Answer 6

the system of manufacturing that began in the 18th century with the development of the power loom and the steam engine and is based on concentration of industry into large establishments —contrasted with domestic system.

Question 7

cottage industry

Answer 7

a business or manufacturing activity carried on in a person’s home.

Question 8

entrepreneur

Answer 8

a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses, taking on greater than normal financial risks in order to do so.

Question 9

tenements

Answer 9

a room or a set of rooms forming a separate residence within a house or block of apartments.

Question 10

mass production

Answer 10

is the manufacture of large quantities of standardized products, frequently utilizing assembly line technology.

Question 11

fordism

Answer 11

is a term widely used to describe the system of mass production that was pioneered in the early 20th century by the Ford Motor Company or the typical postwar mode of economic growth and its associated political and social order in advanced capitalism.

Question 12

corporation

Answer 12

a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law.

Question 13

monoply

Answer 13

the exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service.

Question 14

strikes

Answer 14

hit forcibly and deliberately with one’s hand or a weapon or other implement.

Question 15

unions

Answer 15

the action or fact of joining or being joined, especially in a political context.

Question 16

collective

Answer 16

done by people acting as a group

Question 17

bargaining

Answer 17

negotiate the terms and conditions of a transaction

Question 18

Eli whitney

Answer 18

was an American inventor best known for inventing the cotton gin.

Question 19

James watt

Answer 19

is a derived unit of power in the International System of Units (SI), named after the Scottish engineer James Watt

Question 20

Henry bessemer

Answer 20

was an English inventor, whose steel making process would become the most important technique for making steel in the nineteenth century.

Question 21

Richard arkwright

Answer 21

was an inventor and a leading entrepreneur during the early Industrial Revolution.

Question 22

Robert fulton

Answer 22

was an American engineer and inventor who is widely credited with developing a commercially successful steamboat called The North River Steamboat of Claremont.

Question 23

Samuel mores

Answer 23

was an American painter and inventor.

Question 24

Henry ford

Answer 24

was an American industrialist, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and the sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production.

Question 25

JP morqan

Answer 25

was an American financier and banker who dominated corporate finance and industrial consolidation in late 19th and early 20th Century United States.

Question 26

immigration

Answer 26

the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country.

Question 27

lesiure

Answer 27

free time.

Question 28

emigration

Answer 28

the act of leaving one’s own country to settle permanently in another; moving abroad

Question 29

push and pull factors

Answer 29

are those factors which either forcefully push people into migration or attract them.

Question 30

textiles

Answer 30

a type of cloth or woven fabric

Question 31

middle class

Answer 31

the social group between the upper and working classes, including professional and business workers and their families.

Question 32

Jane adams

Answer 32

was a pioneer American settlement activist/reformer, social worker, public philosopher, sociologist, author, and leader in women’s suffrage and world peace.

Question 33

child labor laws

Answer 33

Laws passed over many decades, beginning in the 1830s, by state and federal governments, forbidding the employment of children and young teenagers, except at certain carefully specified jobs.

Question 34

Stuart mill

Answer 34

was an English philosopher, political economist and civil servant.

Question 35

utilitarianism

Answer 35

the doctrine that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority.

Question 36

Meiji restoration

Answer 36

also known as the Meiji Ishin, Renovation, Revolution, Reform, or Renewal, was a chain of events that restored practical imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji.