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Missouri Music Test > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

isorhythm

A

the technique of repeating the identical rhythm for each section of a composition, while the pitches are altered;
popular in 14th century music

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2
Q

rondo

A

a musical composition during which the first part or subject is repeated several times

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3
Q

sonata form

A

exposition
development
recapulation
coda

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4
Q

lied

A

German for “song”
solo art song of the 19th Century, usually accompanied by piano

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5
Q

antiphonal singing

A

a divided choir alternately sings back and forth

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6
Q

character piece

A

a brief instrumental work seeking to capture a single mood;
favored by the Romantic Era

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7
Q

anacrusis

A

pick up note

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8
Q

theme and variations form

A

a form in which a theme is presented and then altered in some way in a succession of individual variations

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9
Q

ostinato

A

a musical phrase repeated over and over during a composition

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10
Q

fugue

A

polyphonic form popular in the Baroque Era in which one or more themes are developed by imitative counterpoint

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11
Q

flamenco

A

a vigorous rhythmic dance style of the Andalusian gypsies

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12
Q

enharmonic modulation

A

a type of modulation in which a chord resolves according to the function of its enharmonic equivalent to establish a new key

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13
Q

tertian harmony

A

harmonic system based on the third

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14
Q

heterophonic texture

A

music in which two or more versions or variations off the same melody are performed simultaneously

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15
Q

operetta

A

a short amusing opera

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16
Q

chamber music

A

music for a small instrumental ensemble with one instrument per line of music

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17
Q

hurdy gurdy

A

a barrel organ or similar musical instrument played by turning a crank

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18
Q

piano

A

a stringed instrument that is played by depressing keys that cause hammers to strike tuned strings and produce sounds

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19
Q

clavichord

A

keyboard instrument popular between the 15th - 18th centuries; the loudness, which depends on the force with which a brass blade strikes the strings, is under the direct control of the player

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20
Q

troubadour song

A

essentially monophonic;
courtly love and chivalry;
very female-empowering

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21
Q

Bach fugue

A

organ or harpsichord;
fugue in 4 voices;
exposition has 4 voice entries without gaps

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22
Q

Gregorian chant

A

a liturgical chant of the Roman Catholic church

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23
Q

meter

A

a grouping of beats into a unit of measure, usually bars

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24
Q

impresario

A

the producer, manager, or conductor of an opera or concert company

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25
etude
an exercise in a particular point of technique
26
cadance
a progression of chords moving to a rest point or close
27
acoustics
the quality of sounds (intensity, resonance, tone, etc) produced in an enclosed space
28
acapalla
choral music without instrumental accompaniment; "in the church style"
29
texture
the structure of a composition; the relationship between the parts of a piece
30
harmony
the simultaneous structure, progression and relationship of chords
31
rhythm
a regular, specific pattern of notes of different length and emphasis
32
pitch
the high or low-frequency vibration of a tone in a series of sounds
33
melody
a rhythmic sequence of related notes in a particular structure
34
shared theme
connect diverse elements into an intricate mosaic that touches people, everywhere, in every culture and every age
35
broad theme
supported by specific examples of feelings, situations, and characters that affect cultures, countries and governments
36
timely theme
feelings, situations and characters that people have experienced throughout recorded history
37
universal theme
encompass feelings, situations, and characters that all people everywhere experience
38
contour
a distinctive pattern of change in pitch, stress, or tone extending across all or part of an utterance, especially a sentence, and contributing to meaning
39
augmentation
modification of a theme by increasing the time value of all its notes
40
syncopation
a shifting of the normal accents that usually results in stressing normally unaccented beats
41
circle of 5th's sequence
a harmonic sequence that is very important in tonal music
42
real / modulating sequence
transposes the pattern into a different key
43
diatonic sequence
keeps the pattern within a single key
44
sequence
a pattern that is repeated immediately in the same voice but beginning on a different pitch class
45
counterpoint
the combining of relatively independent musical lines
46
voice leading / part writing
the manipulation of the motions of individual music lines
47
lead sheet symbols
used in jazz and most popular music to indicate chords to be played under a given melody
48
time signature
a symbol that tells the performer the beat and meter types and what note value will represent the beat
49
compound beat
beats in any meter divided into 3 equal parts
50
simple beat
beats in any meter divided into 2 equal parts
51
metronome marking
the specific tempo set to a piece of music
52
tempo
the rate at which the beats occur
53
rhythm
the time aspect of music as contrasted with the pitch aspect
54
transpose
to play music in another key
55
simple interval
interval smaller than an octave
56
diminished interval
when you lower a perfect interval a half step
57
augmented interval
when you raise a perfect interval a half step
58
perfect interval
intervals that do not have separate major or minor states (4th, 5th & octaves)
59
minor interval
when you flatten a note
60
major interval
the natural state of an interval
61
root
the lowest note of an interval, chord, or scale
62
accidental
any modifications to a natural note (sharps & flats)
63
enharmonic notes
two notes that sound the same but can be spelled differently
64
grand staff
links together the treble clef and bass clef
65
clef
a graphical symbol placed at the beginning of a staff or piece of music that established the pitch of a specific line or space on the staff
66
ledger lines
the lines you add above or below a staff
67
solfeggio
a method of naming musical tones using a set of symbols
68
interval
the space between two pitches
69
microtonal music
musical interval smaller than a semitone, prevalent in some non-western music and some 20th Century art music
70
beat
to count a unit of rhythm or time with respect to accent
71
relative keys
when major and minor keys share the same key signature
72
dynamics
the variation in force or intensity (the softness or loudness) of a sound
73
figured bass
a method of abbreviated notation used in the Baroque Era
74
frequency
a measurement of how fast air molecules are vibrating
75
hemiola
a rhythmic pattern of syncopated beats with two beats in the time of three or three beats in the time of two
76
quadruple meter
beats grouped in 4's
77
triple meter
beats grouped in 3's
78
duple meter
beats grouped in 2's
79
harmonic interval
notes performed at the same time
80
consonant
a sound that is pleasing to the ear
81
heterophony
simultaneous playing or singing of 2 or more versions of the melody
82
homophony
melodic line with an accompanying harmony
83
polyphony
separate melodic lines
84
monophony
only one melodic line
85
allegro
tempo 120 - 168 bpm
86
obbligato
a part of a section must be played or omitted, depending on the historical context of the music
87
pre-dominant function
serves as the move away from the foundational tonic and as a preparation for dominant chords
88
arpeggio
a common accompanying pattern in which chords are played note-by-note successively instead of simultaneously
89
internal expansion
notes that are added to the middle of a melody
90
imitative polyphony
polyphony based on the same thematic material
91
march
has lively, "up-beat" accompaniment; written in 2/4 time; independent bass line
92
harmonic series
overtones octave - 5 - 4

Missouri Music Test (7 decks)

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